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This paper uses dynamical invariants to describe the evolution of collisionless systems subject to time-dependent gravitational forces without resorting to maximum-entropy probabilities. We show that collisionless relaxation can be viewed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Jorge Peñarrubia

Despite the fact that the theory of mixtures has been part of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and engineering for a long time, it is far from complete. While it is well formulated and tested in the case of mechanical equilibrium (where only…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-07-01 Petr Vágner , Michal Pavelka , Jürgen Fuhrmann , Václav Klika

The Boltzmann equation is essential for gas thermodynamics,as it models how the molecular density distribution $F(t,x,v)$ changes over time. However, existing research primarily focuses on the single species Boltzmann equation, while…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-01-30 Gaofeng Wang , Weike Wang , Tianfang Wu

We present a hybrid Boltzmann-BGK model for inert mixtures, where each kind of binary interaction may be described by a classical Boltzmann integral or by a suitable relaxation-type operator. We allow also the possibility of changing the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Marzia Bisi , Maria Groppi , Giorgio Martalò

A model polydisperse fluid represents many real fluids such as colloidal suspensions and polymer solutions. In this study, considering a concentrated size-polydisperse hard sphere fluid with size derived from two different distribution…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-11-23 Thokchom Premkumar Meitei , Lenin S. Shagolsem

In molecular simulations, efficient methods for investigating equilibration and slow relaxation in dense systems are crucial yet challenging. This study focuses on the diffusional characteristics of monodisperse hard disk systems at…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-21 Daigo Mugita , Masaharu Isobe

This article concerns numerical simulations of the dynamics of particles immersed in a continuum solvent. As prototypical systems, we consider colloidal dispersions of spherical particles and solutions of uncharged polymers. After a brief…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Burkhard Duenweg , Anthony J. C. Ladd

We consider the rate of convergence of solutions of spatially inhomogenous Boltzmann equations, with hard sphere potentials, to some equilibriums, called Maxwellians. Maxwellians are spatially homogenous static Maxwell velocity…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-08-26 Zhou Gang

In this paper, we present a family of new mixed finite element methods for linear elasticity for both spatial dimensions $n=2,3$, which yields a conforming and strongly symmetric approximation for stress. Applying…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-04-26 Shihua Gong , Shuonan Wu , Jinchao Xu

We consider a class of nonlinear Boltzmann equations describing return to thermal equilibrium in a gas of colliding particles suspended in a thermal medium. We study solutions in the space $L^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{3}\times \mathbb{T}^3).$ Special…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Juerg Froehlich , Zhou Gang

We analyze the convergence to equilibrium in a family of Kac-like kinetic equations in multiple space dimensions. These equations describe the change of the velocity distribution in a spatially homogeneous gas due to binary collisions…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-05-13 Federico Bassetti , Daniel Matthes

We derive a system of moment-based dynamical equations that describe the 1+1d space-time evolution of a cylindrically symmetric massive gas undergoing boost-invariant longitudinal expansion. Extending previous work, we introduce an explicit…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-07-30 Mohammad Nopoush , Radoslaw Ryblewski , Michael Strickland

The importance of roughness in the modeling of granular gases has been increasingly considered in recent years. In this paper, a freely evolving homogeneous granular gas of inelastic and rough hard disks or spheres is studied under the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-07-25 Alberto Megías , Andrés Santos

We investigate velocity statistics of homogeneous inelastic gases using the Boltzmann equation. Employing an approximate uniform collision rate, we obtain analytic results valid in arbitrary dimension. In the freely evolving case, the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Ben-Naim , P. L. Krapivsky

We study the problem of homogenization for inertial particles moving in a periodic velocity field, and subject to molecular diffusion. We show that, under appropriate assumptions on the velocity field, the large scale, long time behavior of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 G. A. Pavliotis , A. M. Stuart

We investigate the impact of momentum-dependent relaxation time approximation in the Boltzmann equation within the Bjorken flow framework by analyzing the moments of the single-particle distribution function. The moment equations, which…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-23 Reghukrishnan Gangadharan , Sukanya Mitra , Victor Roy

This paper considers a system of Boltzmann equations modelling the mixture of monatomic and polyatomic gases in an $L^{2}-L^{\infty}$ perturbation theory around global modified Maxwellians accounting for the internal energy of the mixture…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-11-20 Ricardo Alonso , Zongguang Li

We investigate both ensemble and time-averaged mean-squared displacements of particles in a polydisperse granular system in a homogeneous cooling state. The system contains an arbitrary number of species of different sizes and masses. The…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-09-20 Anna S. Bodrova , Alexander I. Osinsky

The most rigorous physical description of non-equilibrium gas dynamics is rooted in the numerical solution of the Boltzmann equation. Yet, the large number of degrees of freedom and the wide range of both spatial and temporal scales render…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-10-25 Anthony Chang , Narendra Singh , Marco Panesi

The Boltzmann kinetic theory for a model of a confined quasi-two dimensional granular mixture derived previously [Garz\'o, Brito and Soto, Phys. Fluids \textbf{33}, 023310 (2021)] is considered further to analyze two different problems.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-07 Vicente Garzó , Ricardo Brito , Rodrigo Soto