Related papers: Principal Physical Effects in Collapsing Stellar C…
Neutrino processes in dense matter play a key role in the dynamics, deleptonization and early cooling of hot protoneutron stars formed in the gravitational collapse of massive stars. Here we calculate neutrino mean free paths from…
The prediction of the equation of state of hot, dense nuclear matter is one of the most complicated and interesting problems in nuclear astrophysics. At the same time, knowledge of it is the basic ingredient for some of the most interesting…
Dense matter as it can be found in core-collapse supernovae and neutron stars is expected to exhibit different phase transitions which impact the matter composition and the equation of state, with important consequences on the dynamics of…
Topical problems in the physics of and basic facts about neutron stars are reviewed. The observational manifestations of neutron stars, their core and envelope structure, magnetic fields, thermal evolution, and masses and radii are briefly…
We formulate a statistical model for description of nuclear composition and equation of state of stellar matter at subnuclear densities and temperature up to 20 MeV, which are expected during the collapse and explosion of massive stars. The…
A general overview of the main physical processes driving the cooling of an isolated neutron star is presented. Among the most important ones are the various possible neutrino emission processes and the occurrence of baryon pairing. Special…
The physical conditions in molecular clouds control the nature and rate of star formation, with consequences for planet formation and galaxy evolution. The focus of this review is on the conditions that characterize regions of star…
Geometrical structure of matter at subnuclear densities is investigated in the presence of a degenerate gas of neutrinos as encountered in stellar collapse. The crystalline phases with spherical, cylindrical and planar nuclei as well as…
Observation of cooling neutron stars can potentially provide information about the states of matter at supernuclear densities. We review physical properties important for cooling such as neutrino emission processes and superfluidity in the…
We investigate the impact of pairing correlations on neutrino transport in stellar matter. Our analysis is extended to nuclear matter conditions where large density fluctuations develop, associated with the onset of the liquid-vapor phase…
Core-collapse supernovae, the culmination of massive stellar evolution, are spectacular astronomical events and the principle actors in the story of our elemental origins. Our understanding of these events, while still incomplete, centers…
Neutrinos play a crucial role in the collapse and explosion of massive stars, governing the infall dynamics of the stellar core, triggering and fueling the explosion and driving the cooling and deleptonization of the newly formed neutron…
A simple and computationally efficient parameterization of the deleptonization, the entropy changes, and the neutrino stress is presented for numerical simulations of stellar core collapse. The parameterization of the neutrino physics is…
Recent developments in multi-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae have considerably improved our understanding of this complex phenomenon. In addition to that, one-dimensional (1D) studies have been employed to study the…
Critical phenomena in gravitational collapse opened a new mathematical vista into the theory of general relativity and may ultimately entail fundamental physical implication in observations. However, at present, the dynamics of critical…
The study of neutron stars is a topic of central interest in the investigation of the properties of strongly compressed hadronic matter. Whereas in heavy-ion collisions the fireball, created in the collision zone, contains very hot matter,…
The physics of the mysterious and stealthy neutrino is at the heart of many phenomena in the cosmos. These particles interact with matter and with each other through the aptly named weak interaction. At typical astrophysical energies the…
Extraterrestrial processes like neutrinos from collapsing stars, cosmic rays from supernovae and cosmic rays from neutron star mergers etc. have recently been proposed as models to explain the periodic mass extinctions such as that which…
In core-collapse supernovae, neutrinos and antineutrinos are initially subject to significant self-interactions induced by weak neutral currents, which may induce strong-coupling effects on the flavor evolution (collective transitions). The…
Recent observations of supernovae, supernova remnants, and radio pulsars suggest that there are correlations between pulsar kicks and spins, infrared and gamma-ray line profiles, supernova polarizations, and ejecta debris fields. A…