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Punishment, especially selfish punishment, has recently been identified as a potent promoter in sustaining or even enhancing the cooperation among unrelated individuals. However, without other key mechanisms, the first-order social dilemma…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-13 Pengbi Cui , Zhi-Xi Wu

Iterated games provide a framework to describe social interactions among groups of individuals. Recent work stimulated by the discovery of "zero-determinant" strategies has rapidly expanded our ability to analyze such interactions. This…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-12 Alexander J. Stewart , Todd L. Parsons , Joshua B. Plotkin

Regularized learning is a fundamental technique in online optimization, machine learning and many other fields of computer science. A natural question that arises in these settings is how regularized learning algorithms behave when faced…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-11 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Christos Papadimitriou , Georgios Piliouras

Drawing on the understanding of the logistic map, we propose a simple predator-prey model where predators and prey adapt to each other, leading to the co-evolution of the system. The special dynamics observed in periodic windows contribute…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-03 Misha Chai , Holger Kantz

The emergence and prevalence of cooperative behavior within a group of selfish individuals remains a puzzle for \text{evolutionary game theory} precisely because it conflicts directly with the central idea of natural selection. Accordingly,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-29 Paulo Victor Santos Souza , Rafael Silva , Chris T. Bauch , Daniel Girardi

Punishment and partner switching are two well-studied mechanisms that support the evolution of cooperation. Observation of human behaviour suggests that the extent to which punishment is adopted depends on the usage of alternative…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-04-26 Hirofumi Takesue

A central goal in ecology is to understand how biodiversity is maintained. Previous theoretical works have employed the rock-paper-scissors (RPS) game as a toy model, demonstrating that population mobility is crucial in determining the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-21 Kaiwen Jiang , Chenyang Zhao , Shengfeng Deng , Weiran Cai , Jiqiang Zhang , Li Chen

We introduce a coevolutionary framework in which punishment intensity dynamically adapts to the fraction of cooperators in the population. Unlike static models, adaptive punishment reshapes the effective payoff landscape, driving…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-11 Xingfu Ke , Hao Yu , Xiao-Pu Han , Yi-Cheng Zhang , Fanyuan Meng

Many biological and social systems show significant levels of collective action. Several cooperation mechanisms have been proposed, yet they have been mostly studied independently. Among these, direct reciprocity supports cooperation on the…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-04-15 Luis A. Martinez-Vaquero , Francisco C. Santos , Vito Trianni

Cooperators benefit others with paying costs. Evolution of cooperation crucially depends on the cost-benefit ratio of cooperation, denoted as $c$. In this work, we investigate the infinitely repeated prisoner's dilemma for various values of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-12-19 Taekho You , Minji Kwon , Hang-Hyun Jo , Woo-Sung Jung , Seung Ki Baek

Evolutionary game theory has impacted many fields of research by providing a mathematical framework for studying the evolution and maintenance of social and moral behaviors. This success is owed in large part to the demonstration that the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-06-03 José F. Fontanari

We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game, where besides unconditional cooperation and defection, tit-for-tat, win-stay-lose-shift and extortion are the five competing strategies. While pairwise imitation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-02 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc

Human decision behaviour is quite diverse. In many games humans on average do not achieve maximal payoff and the behaviour of individual players remains inhomogeneous even after playing many rounds. For instance, in repeated prisoner…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-11-11 Martin Spanknebel , Klaus Pawelzik

When a prediction algorithm serves a collection of users, disparities in prediction quality are likely to emerge. If users respond to accurate predictions by increasing engagement, inviting friends, or adopting trends, repeated learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Eden Saig , Nir Rosenfeld

Game theory has been one of the most successful quantitative concepts to describe social interactions, their strategical aspects, and outcomes. Among the payoff matrix quantifying the result of a social interaction, the interaction…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-11-22 Wenjian Yu , Dirk Helbing

Here we study the effects of adopting different strategies against different opponent instead of adopting the same strategy against all of them in the prisoner dilemma structured in well-mixed populations. We consider an evolutionary…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-14 Lucas Wardil , Jafferson K. L. da Silva

We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game where players are allowed to establish new interactions with others. By employing a simple coevolutionary rule entailing only two crucial parameters, we find that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-12-30 Chunyan Zhang , Jianlei Zhang , Guangming Xie , Long Wang , Matjaz Perc

In evolutionary game theory, repeated two-player games are used to study strategy evolution in a population under natural selection. As the evolution greatly depends on the interaction structure, there has been growing interests in studying…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-21 Colin Cooper , Martin Dyer , Velumailum Mohanaraj

We investigate the spatial distribution and the global frequency of agents who can either cooperate or defect. The agent interaction is described by a deterministic, non-iterated prisoner's dilemma game, further each agent only locally…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frank Schweitzer , Laxmidhar Behera , Heinz Muehlenbein

The very notion of social network implies that linked individuals interact repeatedly with each other. This allows them not only to learn successful strategies and adapt to them, but also to condition their own behavior on the behavior of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-05-27 Luca Dall'Asta , Matteo Marsili , Paolo Pin