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Counterfactual Thinking is a human cognitive ability studied in a wide variety of domains. It captures the process of reasoning about a past event that did not occur, namely what would have happened had this event occurred, or, otherwise,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Luis Moniz Pereira , Francisco C. Santos

Generative AI presents a profound challenge to traditional notions of human uniqueness, particularly in creativity. Fueled by neural network based foundation models, these systems demonstrate remarkable content generation capabilities,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jordi Linares-Pellicer , Juan Izquierdo-Domenech , Isabel Ferri-Molla , Carlos Aliaga-Torro

Autoregressive and diffusion models represent two complementary generative paradigms. Autoregressive models excel at sequential planning and constraint composition, yet struggle with tasks that require explicit spatial or physical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mu Yuan , Liekang Zeng , Guoliang Xing , Lan Zhang , Yunhao Liu

Latent visual reasoning aims to mimic human's imagination process by meditating through hidden states of Multimodal Large Language Models. While recognized as a promising paradigm for visual reasoning, the underlying mechanisms driving its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 You Li , Chi Chen , Yanghao Li , Fanhu Zeng , Kaiyu Huang , Jinan Xu , Maosong Sun

Generative AI, with its tendency to "hallucinate" incorrect results, may pose a risk to knowledge work by introducing errors. On the other hand, it may also provide unprecedented opportunities for users, particularly non-experts, to learn…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Advait Sarkar , Xiaotong , Xu , Neil Toronto , Ian Drosos , Christian Poelitz

It has long been hypothesized that perceptual ambiguities play an important role in aesthetic experience: a work with some ambiguity engages a viewer more than one that does not. However, current frameworks for testing this theory are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Xi Wang , Zoya Bylinskii , Aaron Hertzmann , Robert Pepperell

What constitutes human creativity, and is it possible for computers to exhibit genuine creativity? We argue that achieving human-level intelligence in computers, or so-called Artificial General Intelligence, necessitates attaining also…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Solve Sæbø , Helge Brovold

Digital learning platforms enable students to learn on a flexible and individual schedule as well as providing instant feedback mechanisms. The field of STEM education requires students to solve numerous training exercises to grasp…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Stanley Uros Keller

Creativity is a valuable human skill that has long been augmented through both analog and digital tools. Recent progress in generative AI, such as image generation, provides a disruptive technological solution to supporting human creativity…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Daniel Hove Paludan , Julie Fredsgård , Kasper Patrick Bährentz , Ilhan Aslan , Niels van Berkel

Conceptual abstraction and analogy-making are key abilities underlying humans' abilities to learn, reason, and robustly adapt their knowledge to new domains. Despite of a long history of research on constructing AI systems with these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Melanie Mitchell

Active inference is a normative principle underwriting perception, action, planning, decision-making and learning in biological or artificial agents. From its inception, its associated process theory has grown to incorporate complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-02-02 Lancelot Da Costa , Thomas Parr , Noor Sajid , Sebastijan Veselic , Victorita Neacsu , Karl Friston

It is perhaps not so baffling that we have the ability to develop, refine, and manifest a creative idea, once it has been conceived. But what sort of a system could spawn the initial seed of creativity from which an idea grows? This paper…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-09 Liane Gabora

Measuring machine creativity is one of the most fascinating challenges in Artificial Intelligence. This paper explores the possibility of using generative learning techniques for automatic assessment of creativity. The proposed solution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-17 Giorgio Franceschelli , Mirco Musolesi

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are rapidly adopted in the workplace and in education, yet the empirical evidence on AI's impact remains mixed. We propose a model of human-AI interaction to better understand and analyze…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ali Aouad , Thodoris Lykouris , Huiying Zhong

In the field of natural language processing, the rapid development of large language model (LLM) has attracted more and more attention. LLMs have shown a high level of creativity in various tasks, but the methods for assessing such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yunpu Zhao , Rui Zhang , Wenyi Li , Di Huang , Jiaming Guo , Shaohui Peng , Yifan Hao , Yuanbo Wen , Xing Hu , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Ling Li , Yunji Chen

When language models answer open-ended problems, they implicitly make hidden decisions that shape their outputs, leaving users with uncontextualized answers rather than a working map of the problem; drawing on multiverse analysis from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Andre Ye , Jenny Y. Huang , Alicia Guo , Rose Novick , Tamara Broderick , Mitchell L. Gordon

Conceptual entanglement is a crucial phenomenon in quantum cognition because it implies that classical probabilities cannot model non--compositional conceptual phenomena. While several psychological experiments have been developed to test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Tomas Veloz , Xiazhao Zhao , Diederik Aerts

Can an algorithm create original and compelling fashion designs to serve as an inspirational assistant? To help answer this question, we design and investigate different image generation models associated with different loss functions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Othman Sbai , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Antoine Bordes , Yann LeCun , Camille Couprie

Most creative outputs are readily classified as belonging to a particular domain such as art, music, or technology. But does that mean the creative thinking that goes into creative projects respects these conventional domain boundaries?…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-17 Liane Gabora

We study building embodied agents for open-ended creative tasks. While existing methods build instruction-following agents that can perform diverse open-ended tasks, none of them demonstrates creativity -- the ability to give novel and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Penglin Cai , Chi Zhang , Yuhui Fu , Haoqi Yuan , Zongqing Lu