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Predictive benchmarking, the evaluation of machine learning models based on predictive performance and competitive ranking, is a central epistemic practice in machine learning research and an increasingly prominent method for scientific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Timo Freiesleben , Sebastian Zezulka

We present a categorical theory of the composition methods in finite model theory -- a key technique enabling modular reasoning about complex structures by building them out of simpler components. The crucial results required by the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Tomáš Jakl , Dan Marsden , Nihil Shah

This paper investigates how global decision problems over arithmetically represented domains acquire reflective structure through class-quantification. Arithmetization forces diagonal fixed points whose verification requires reflection…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Milan Rosko

Legal probabilism (LP) claims the degrees of conviction in juridical fact-finding are to be modeled exactly the way degrees of beliefs are modeled in standard bayesian epistemology. Classical legal probabilism (CLP) adds that the conviction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-28 Rafal Urbaniak

We are facing a real challenge when coping with the continuous acceleration of scientific production and the increasingly changing nature of science. In this article, we extend the classical framework of co-word analysis to the study of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-03-13 David Chavalarias , Jean-Philippe Cointet

As David Berlinski writes (1997), the existence and nature of mathematics is a more compelling and far deeper problem than any of the problems raised by mathematics itself. Here we analyze the essence of mathematics making the main emphasis…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-09-21 Mark Burgin

This paper presents an epistemological perspective on quantum communication between parties that highlights the choices that must be made in order to send and obtain information. The notion of information obtained in such a communication is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-07-22 Subhash Kak

Researchers have argued against deficit-based explanations of students' troubles with mathematical sense-making, pointing instead to factors such as epistemology: students' beliefs about the nature of knowledge and learning can hinder them…

Physics Education · Physics 2010-03-03 Ayush Gupta , Andrew Elby

This paper describes a new technique, called "knowledge patterns", for helping construct axiom-rich, formal ontologies, based on identifying and explicitly representing recurring patterns of knowledge (theory schemata) in the ontology, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Peter Clark , John Thompson , Bruce Porter

How does one formalize the structure of structures necessary for the foundations of physics? This work is an attempt at conceptualizing the metaphysics of pregeometric structures, upon which new and existing notions of quantum geometry may…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-11-08 Xerxes D. Arsiwalla , Hatem Elshatlawy , Dean Rickles

Large language models exhibit intelligence without genuine epistemic understanding, exposing a key gap: the absence of epistemic architecture. This paper introduces the Structured Cognitive Loop (SCL) as an executable epistemological…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Myung Ho Kim

An out of the box intellectual path exploring the foundations of quantum mechanics is discussed in some detail, in order to clarify why a possibly different way to look at the relevant fundamental questions can be identified and can support…

General Physics · Physics 2012-11-06 Alberto Ottolenghi

I argue that Immanuel Kant's critical philosophy -- in particular the doctrine of transcendental idealism which grounds it -- is best understood as an `epistemic' or `metaphilosophical' doctrine. As such it aims to show how one may engage…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2023-01-10 Michael E. Cuffaro

The belief construction is a fundamental technique for transforming partially observable systems to fully observable ones while preserving the relevant semantics. It plays a central role in the analysis of partially observable systems, in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mayuko Kori , Kazuki Watanabe

The construction of an ontology of scientific knowledge objects, presented here, is part of the development of an approach oriented towards the visualization of scientific knowledge. It is motivated by the fact that the concepts that are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Vincenzo Daponte , Gilles Falquet

Contemporary scientific perspectivism is re-evaluated and extended to a comprehensive perspectivist methodology and 'mediated' realistic epistemology, especially, with reference to quantum mechanics. In the present study, this is realized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-26 Vassilios Karakostas , Elias Zafiris

In this paper, we reject commonly accepted views on fundamentality in science, either based on bottom-up construction or top-down reduction to isolate the alleged fundamental entities. We do not introduce any new scientific methodology, but…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-10-20 Flavio Del Santo , Chiara Cardelli

Jackendoff (2002) posed four challenges that linguistic combinatoriality and rules of language present to theories of brain function. The essence of these problems is the question of how to neurally instantiate the rapid construction and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ross W. Gayler

In the last years the debate on complexity has been developing and developing in transdisciplinary way to meet the need of explanation for highly organized collective behaviors and sophisticated hierarchical arrangements in physical,…

General Physics · Physics 2010-04-26 Ignazio Licata

In the concluding remarks of Ontological Promiscuity Hobbs (1985) made what we believe to be a very insightful observation: given that semantics is an attempt at specifying the relation between language and the world, if "one can assume a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Walid S. Saba