Related papers: Electromagnetic force distribution inside matter
We discuss the electromagnetic energy-momentum distribution and the mechanical forces of the electromagnetic field in material media. There is a long-standing controversy on these notions. The Minkowski and the Abraham energy-momentum…
The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic (EM) field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and by the Lorentz force law.…
By examination of the exerted electromagnetic (EM) force on boundary of an object in a few examples, we look into the compatibility of the stress tensors corresponding to different formulae of the EM force density with special relativity.…
The standard derivations of electromagnetic energy and momentum in media take Maxwell's equations as the starting point. It is well known that for dispersive media this approach does not directly yield exact expressions for the energy and…
We derive the force of the electromagnetic radiation on material objects by a direct application of the Lorentz law of classical electro-dynamics. The derivation is straightforward in the case of solid metals and solid dielectrics, where…
We use Maxwell's equations in a sourceless, inhomogeneous medium with continuous permeability $\mu (\mathbf{r}) $ and permittivity $% \epsilon (\mathbf{r}) $ to study the wave propagation. The general form of the wave equation is derived…
We determine the invariant expression of the force density that the electromagnetic field exerts on dipolar matter and construct the non-symmetric energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field in matter which is consistent with that…
We argue that the classical theory of electromagnetism is based on Maxwell's macroscopic equations, an energy postulate, a momentum postulate, and a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force. These seven postulates constitute the…
The classical theory of electromagnetism is based on Maxwell's macroscopic equations, an energy postulate, a momentum postulate, and a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force. These seven postulates constitute the foundation of a…
We extend the usual derivation of the wave equation from Maxwell's equations in vacuum to the case of electromagnetic fields in dispersive homogeneous isotropic linear media. Usually, dispersive properties of materials are studied in…
It is well understood that various alternatives are available within EM theory for the definitions of energy density, momentum transfer, EM stress-energy tensor, and so forth. Although the various options are all compatible with the basic…
We establish the well-posedness, the finite speed propagation, and a regularity result for Maxwell's equations in media consisting of dispersive (frequency dependent) metamaterials. Two typical examples for such metamaterials are materials…
We develop a general methodology for numerical computations of electromagnetic (EM) fields and forces in matter, based on solving the macroscopic Maxwell's equations in real space and adopting the Maxwell Stress Tensor formalism. Our…
The Lorentz force of classical electrodynamics, when applied to magnetic materials, gives rise to hidden energy and hidden momentum. Removing the contributions of hidden entities from the Poynting vector, from the electromagnetic momentum…
The momentum of light inside ponderable media has an electromagnetic part and a mechanical part. The local and instantaneous density of the electromagnetic part of the momentum is given by the Poynting vector divided by the square of the…
The force on a macroscopic polarizable body in an inhomogenous electromagnetic field is calculated for three simple exactly solvable situations. Comparing different approaches we pinpoint possible pitfalls and resolve recent confusion about…
When the effects of dispersion are included, neither the Abraham nor the Minkowski expression for electromagnetic momentum in a dielectric medium gives the correct recoil momentum for absorbers or emitters of radiation. The total momentum…
A close examination of the Maxwell-Lorentz theory of electrodynamics reveals that polarization and magnetization of material media need not be treated as local averages over small volumes - volumes that nevertheless contain a large number…
The textbook-accepted formulation of electromagnetic force was proposed by Lorentz in the 19th century, but its validity has been challenged due to incompatibility with the special relativity and momentum conservation. The Einstein-Laub…
By using a method, previously established to calculate electromagnetic fields, we compute the force of light upon a metallic particle. This procedure is based on both Maxwell's Stress Tensor and the Couple Dipole Method. With these tools,…