Related papers: Modular operads and the quantum open-closed homoto…
This is an expository article about operads in homotopy theory written as a chapter for an upcoming book. It concentrates on what the author views as the basic topics in the homotopy theory of operadic algebras: the definition of operads,…
We give a general treatment of the master equation in homotopy algebras and describe the operads and formal differential geometric objects governing the corresponding algebraic structures. We show that the notion of Maurer-Cartan twisting…
We introduce and study the notion of a dual Feynman transform of a modular operad. This generalizes and gives a conceptual explanation of Kontsevich's dual construction producing graph cohomology classes from a contractible differential…
This paper studies the existence of model category structures on algebras and modules over operads in monoidal model categories.
Vertex operator algebras are mathematically rigorous objects corresponding to chiral algebras in conformal field theory. Operads are mathematical devices to describe operations, that is, $n$-ary operations for all $n$ greater than or equal…
Process theories provide a powerful framework for describing compositional structures across diverse fields, from quantum mechanics to computational linguistics. Traditionally, they have been formalized using symmetric monoidal categories…
This survey provides an elementary introduction to operads and to their applications in homotopical algebra. The aim is to explain how the notion of an operad was prompted by the necessity to have an algebraic object which encodes higher…
Our aim is to introduce and advocate non-$\Sigma$ (non-symmetric) modular operads. While ordinary modular operads were inspired by the structure of the moduli space of stable complex curves, non-$\Sigma$ modular operads model surfaces with…
The complete quantum theory of covariant closed strings is constructed in detail. The action is defined by elementary vertices satisfying recursion relations that give rise to Jacobi-like identities for an infinite chain of string field…
In the theory of operads we consider functors of generalized symmetric powers defined by sums of coinvariant modules under actions of symmetric groups. One observes classically that the construction of symmetric functors provides an…
The essential parts of the operad algebra are concisely presented, which should be useful when confronting with the operadic physics. It is also clarified how the Gerstenhaber algebras can be associated with the linear pre-operads (comp…
We first discuss how open/closed chord diagrams, both with and without marked points, act on appropriate Hochschild complexes possibly coupled with the two-sided cobar complex. Then, in the main part of the paper, we introduce the notion of…
An approach to systematically implement open-closed string duality for free large $N$ gauge theories is summarised. We show how the relevant closed string moduli space emerges from a reorganisation of the Feynman diagrams contributing to…
We construct Lorentz invariant and gauge invariant 1PI effective action for closed and open superstrings and demonstrate that it satisfies the classical BV master equation. We also construct the quantum master action for this theory…
We give sufficient conditions for the existence of a model structure on operads in an arbitrary symmetric monoidal model category. General invariance properties for homotopy algebras over operads are deduced.
We reformulate the algebraic structure of Zwiebach's quantum open-closed string field theory in terms of homotopy algebras. We call it the quantum open-closed homotopy algebra (QOCHA) which is the generalization of the open-closed homotopy…
We discuss general properties of classical string field theories with symmetric vertices in the context of deformation theory. For a given conformal background there are many string field theories corresponding to different decomposition of…
We construct open-closed superstring interactions based on the open-closed homotopy algebra structure. It provides a classical open superstring field theory on general closed-superstring-field backgrounds described by classical solutions of…
We introduce notions of open-string vertex algebra, conformal open-string vertex algebra and variants of these notions. These are ``open-string-theoretic,'' ``noncommutative'' generalizations of the notions of vertex algebra and of…
We outline the construction of type II superstring field theory leading to a geometric and algebraic BV master equation, analogous to Zwiebach's construction for the bosonic string. The construction uses the small Hilbert space. Elementary…