Related papers: On real chains of evolution algebras
The type and several invariant subspaces related to the upper annihilating series of finite-dimensional nilpotent evolution algebras are introduced. These invariants can be easily computed from any natural basis. Some families of nilpotent…
We associate an square to any two dimensional evolution algebra. This geometric object is uniquely determined, does not depend on the basis and describes the structure and the behaviour of the algebra. We determine the identities of degrees…
We introduce an (evolution) algebra identifying the coefficients of inheritance of a bisexual population as the structure constants of the algebra. The basic properties of the algebra are studied. We prove that this algebra is commutative…
The affine group scheme of automorphisms of an evolution algebra that is equal to its square, is shown to lie in an exact sequence, such that the other terms depend solely on the directed graph associated to the algebra. As a consequence,…
In this work we investigate the derivations of $n-$dimensional complex evolution algebras, depending on the rank of the appropriate matrices. For evolution algebra with non-singular matrices we prove that the space of derivations is zero.…
Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are universal solvers inspired by principles of natural evolution. In many applications, EAs produce astonishingly good solutions. As they are able to deal with complex optimisation problems, they show great…
A digraph is attached to any evolution algebra. This graph leads to some new purely algebraic results on this class of algebras and allows for some new natural proofs of known results. Nilpotency of an evolution algebra will be proved to be…
Evolutionary computing (EC) is an exciting development in Computer Science. It amounts to building, applying and studying algorithms based on the Darwinian principles of natural selection. In this paper we briefly introduce the main…
We prove that any potential symmetry of a system of evolution equations reduces to a Lie symmetry through a nonlocal transformation of variables. Based on this fact is our method of group classification of potential symmetries of systems of…
We formulate the notion of continuous evolution algebra in terms of differentiable matrix-valued functions, to then study those such algebras arising as solutions of ODE problems. Given their dependence on natural bases, matrix Lie groups…
The paper is devoted to the study of finite dimensional complex evolution algebras. The class of evolution algebras isomorphic to evolution algebras with Jordan form matrices is described. For finite dimensional complex evolution algebras…
A subspace of an algebra with involution is called a Lie skew-ideal if it is closed under Lie products with skew-symmetric elements. Lie skew-ideals are classified in central simple algebras with involution (there are eight of them for…
We first show that the convex effect algebras (CEA) approach to quantum mechanics is more general than the general probabilistic theories approach. We then restrict our attention to finite-dimension CEA's. After an introductory Section~1,…
A superpermutation is a sequence that contains every permutation of $n$ distinct symbols as a contiguous substring. For instance, a valid example for three symbols is a sequence that contains all six permutations. This paper introduces a…
Skew Boolean algebras (skew BA) and Boolean-like algebras (nBA) are one-pointed and n-pointed noncommutative generalisation of Boolean algebras, respectively. We show that any nBA is a cluster of n isomorphic right-handed skew BAs,…
A simple permutation is one which maps no proper non-singleton interval onto an interval. We consider the enumeration of simple permutations from several aspects. Our results include a straightforward relationship between the ordinary…
The paper is devoted to give a complete classification of five-dimension nilpotent evolution algebras over an algebraically closed field. We obtained a list of 27 isolated non-isomorphic nilpotent evolution algebras and 2 families of…
An evolutionary tree is a cascade of bifurcations starting from a single common root, generating a growing set of daughter species as time goes by. Species here is a general denomination for biological species, spoken languages or any other…
This work classifies three-dimensional simple evolution algebras over arbitrary fields. For this purpose, we use tools such as the associated directed graph, the moduli set, inductive limit group, Zariski topology and the dimension of the…
Evolution algebras are non-associative algebras. In this work we provide an extension of this class of algebras, in the context of Hilbert spaces, capable to deal with infinite-dimensional spaces. We illustrate the applicability of our…