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We study the spin- 1/2 two and three dimensional Orbital Compass Models relevant to the problem of orbital ordering in transition metal oxides. We show that these systems display self-dualities and novel (gauge-like) discrete sliding…
Paths are important structural elements in complex networks because they are finite (unlike walks), related to effective node coverage (minimum spanning trees), and can be understood as being dual to star connectivity. This article…
The present paper considers two infinite families of cone-manifolds endowed with spherical metric. The singular strata is either the torus knot ${\rm t}(2n+1, 2)$ or the torus link ${\rm t}(2n, 2)$. Domains of existence for a spherical…
This is the lecture 4 of a mini-course of 4 lectures. Our purpose of this mini-curse is to explain some ideas of E. Cartan and S. Lie when we study differential geometry, particularly we will to explain the Cartan reduction method. The…
Duality groups of Abelian gauge theories on four manifolds and their reduction to two dimensions are considered. The duality groups include elements that relate different space-times in addition to relating different gauge-coupling…
We investigate N-extended supersymmetry in one-dimensional quantum mechanics on a circle with point singularities. For any integer n, N=2n supercharges are explicitly constructed and a class of point singularities compatible with…
For a more general notion of Cartan connection we define characteristic classes, we investigate their relation to usual characteristic classes.
We show that a subgroup of the modular group of M-theory compactified on a ten torus, implies the Lorentzian structure of the moduli space, that is usually associated with naive discussions of quantum cosmology based on the low energy…
A `discrete differential manifold' we call a countable set together with an algebraic differential calculus on it. This structure has already been explored in previous work and provides us with a convenient framework for the formulation of…
We study Le Potier's strange duality conjecture on $\mathbb{P}^2$. We focus on the strange duality map $SD_{c_n^r,d}$ which involves the moduli space of rank $r$ sheaves with trivial first Chern class and second Chern class $n$, and the…
We study a geometry associated with rank 3 distributions in dimension 8, whose symbol algebra is constant and has a simple Lie algebra sp(3,R) as Tanaka prolongation. We restrict our considerations to only those distributions that are…
Suppose we concatenate two directed graphs, each isomorphic to a $d$ dimensional butterfly (but not necessarily identical to each other). Select any set of $2^k$ input and $2^k$ output nodes on the resulting graph. Then there exist node…
We examine the adjacency spectrum of trees with diameter three, also referred to as double stars. Using $P_2(a,b)$ to denote a double star with $ a$ and $b$ leaves at its respective endpoints, we discuss graphs which are cospectral to…
This paper investigates the geometric structures and properties of 8-dimensional manifolds with Spin(7)-holonomy. We focus on the characterization and implications of 4-planes within these manifolds, which are endowed with an almost…
A piecewise constant curvature manifold is a triangulated manifold that is assigned a geometry by specifying lengths of edges and stipulating that for a chosen background geometry (Euclidean, hyperbolic, or spherical), each simplex has an…
Many two-dimensional classical field theories have hidden symmetries that form an infinite-dimensional algebra. For those examples that correspond to effective descriptions of compactified superstring theories, the duality group is expected…
Suppose we have identified three clusters of galaxies as being topological copies of the same object. How does this information constrain the possible models for the shape of our Universe? It is shown here that, if the Universe has flat…
The geometry of self-dual 2-forms in eight dimensions is studied. These 2-forms determine an $n^2-n+1$ dimensional manifold ${\cal S}_{2n}$. We prove that for add $n$, it has only one dimensionallinear subspaces. In eight dimensions, the…
We show that a general canonical curve is uniquely determined by the finite set of hyperplanes cutting theta-characteristics on it. Geometrical and combinatorial properties of the moduli space of stable spin curves are proved, which play an…
For a field $\ef$, the discrete topological vector spaces over $\ \ef$ are essentially of the form $\ef^{\alpha}$ where $\alpha$ is an ordinal. With additional appropriate properties, they are isomorphic to $\ef^{(\beta)}$ where $\beta$ is…