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In this paper we further investigate the relationship, reported by Oates et al., 2012, between the optical/UV afterglow luminosity (measured at restframe 200s) and average afterglow decay rate (measured from restframe 200s onwards) of long…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-30 S. R. Oates , J. L. Racusin , M. De Pasquale , M. J. Page , A. J. Castro-Tirado , J. Gorosabel , P. J. Smith , A. A. Breeveld , N. P. M Kuin

One of the most intriguing features discovered by Swift is a plateau phase in the X-ray flux decay of about 70% of the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The physical origin of this feature is still being debated. We constrain the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Stratta , D. Guetta , V. D'Elia , M. Perri , S. Covino , L. Stella

We extend the Hubble diagram up to $z = 5.6$ using 63 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) via peak energy-peak luminosity relation (so called Yonetoku relation), and obtain constraints on cosmological parameters including dynamical dark energy…

The recent $\sim 4 \, \sigma$ Hubble constant, $H_{0}$, tension is observed between the value of $H_{0}$ from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia). It is a decade since this tension is excruciating the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-29 G. Bargiacchi , M. G. Dainotti , S. Nagataki , S. Capozziello

Prompted by various analyses of long (Type II) GRB rates and their relationship to the cosmic star-formation history, metallicity and luminosity function evolution, we systematically analyze these effects with a Monte Carlo code. We test…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-19 Francisco J. Virgili , Bing Zhang , Kentaro Nagamine , Jun-Hwan Choi

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are traditionally classified into long (lGRBs) and short (sGRBs) durations based on their $T_{90}$, with lGRBs widely used as tracers of the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) due to their observed association with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Qin-Mei Li , Qi-Bin Sun , Sheng-Bang Qian , Fu-Xing Li

The best measure of the Universe should be done using a standard "ruler" at any redshift. Type Ia Supernovae (SN Ia) probe the universe up to z$\sim$1.5, while the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) primary anisotropies concern basically…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Ghirlanda , G. Ghisellini , D. Lazzati , C. Firmani

Cosmological fireball models of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) predict delayed emission, ``after-glow,'' at longer wavelengths. We present several new results regarding the model predictions, and show that X-ray to optical observations of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Eli Waxman

Long duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (LGRBs) may serve as standard candles to constrain cosmological parameters by probing the Hubble diagram well beyond the range of redshift currently accessible using type-Ia supernovae. The standardization of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-12-30 F. Fana Dirirsa , S. Razzaque , F. Piron , M. Arimoto , M. Axelsson , D. Kocevski , F. Longo , M. Ohno , S. Zhu

The analysis of 176 gamma ray burst (GRB) afterglow plateaus observed by Swift from GRBs with known redshifts revealed that the subsample of long GRBs associated with supernovae (LONG-SNe) - 19 events - presents a very high correlation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-04-12 Maria G. Dainotti , Shigehiro Nagataki , Keichi Maeda , Sergey Postnikov , Elena Pian

The afterglow of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) is commonly thought to be due to continuous deceleration of a relativistically expanding fireball in the surrounding medium. Assuming that the expansion of the fireball is adiabatic and that the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Z. G. Dai , T. Lu

The detection of x-ray afterglows of gamma-ray burst (GRB) sources has enabled the optical discovery that GRBs are at cosmological distances, which confirms that the enormous luminosities required must produce a relativistically expanding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Jonathan E. Grindlay

The characteristics of the Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) environment may reflect the differences in GRB progenitors: long GRBs are expected to be found in high-density star-forming regions of the GRB host galaxies, while short ones may be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-07-24 Dounia Saez , Diego Götz

Following our previous work, we conclude that a GRB standard candle constructed from the Ghirlanda et al. power-law relation between the geometry-corrected energy (E_gamma) and the peak of the rest-frame prompt burst spectrum (E_p) is not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-11 Andrew S. Friedman , Joshua S. Bloom

Identification of gravitationally lensed Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) in the BATSE 4B catalog can be used to constrain the average redshift $ < z >$ of the GRBs. In this paper we investigate the effect of evolving lenses on the $< z >$ of GRBs…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Deepak Jain , N. Panchapakesan , S. Mahajan , V. B. Bhatia

We examine the prospects of the high redshift Long Gamma Ray Bursts (LGRB) Hubble Diagram as a test of the basic cosmological principles. Analysis of the Hubble Diagram allows us to test several fundamental cosmological principles using the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 S. I. Shirokov , I. V. Sokolov , N. Yu. Lovyagin , L. Amati , Yu. V. Baryshev , V. V. Sokolov , V. L. Gorokhov

A new procedure for smoothing a gamma-ray burst (GRB) lightcurve and calculating its variability is presented. Applying the procedure to a sample of 25 long GRBs, we have obtained a very tight correlation between the variability and the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Li-Xin Li , Bohdan Paczynski

Model-independent bounds on the Hubble constant $H_0$ are important to shed light on cosmological tensions. We work out a model-independent analysis based on the sum rule, which is applied to late- and early-time data catalogs to determine…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-17 Orlando Luongo , Marco Muccino

The correlation between distant Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and foreground galaxy clusters is re-examined by using the well localized (with an accuracy down to a few arcseconds) Swift/XRT GRBs. The galaxy clusters are compiled from both X-ray…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 J. Wang , J. Y. Wei

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), observed to redshift $z=9.4$, are potential probes of the largely unexplored $z\sim 2.7-9.4$ part of the early Universe. Thus, finding relevant relations among GRB physical properties is crucial. We find that the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-09 Shulei Cao , Maria Dainotti , Bharat Ratra