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We develop a unified framework for testing independence and quantifying association between random objects that are located in general metric spaces. Special cases include functional and high-dimensional data as well as networks, covariance…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Hang Zhou , Hans-Georg Müller

Measuring a strength of dependence of random variables is an important problem in statistical practice. In this paper, we propose a new function valued measure of dependence of two random variables. It allows one to study and visualize…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-05-12 Teresa Ledwina

We propose a new setting for testing properties of distributions while receiving samples from several distributions, but few samples per distribution. Given samples from $s$ distributions, $p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_s$, we design testers for the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Maryam Aliakbarpour , Sandeep Silwal

We study the problem of testing for the presence of random effects in mixed models with high-dimensional fixed effects. To this end, we propose a rank-based graph-theoretic approach to test whether a collection of random effects is zero.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-10 Lynna Chu , Yichuan Bai

Due to their parsimony, separable covariance models have been popular in modeling matrix-variate data. However, the inference from such a model may be misleading if the population covariance matrix $\Sigma$ is actually non-separable,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Bongjung Sung , Peter D. Hoff

We propose a simple multivariate normality test based on Kac-Bernstein's characterization, which can be conducted by utilising existing statistical independence tests for sums and differences of data samples. We also perform its empirical…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-12-27 Povilas Daniušis

In this paper we proposed the alternative test to the two independent and normally distributed samples t test based on the cross variance concept. We present the simulation results of the power and the error rate of the special case of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-01-27 Rohmatul Fajriyah

In this paper we study the problem of measuring and testing joint independence for a collection of multivariate random variables. Using the emerging theory of optimal transport (OT) based multivariate ranks, we propose a distribution-free…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-01 Ziang Niu , Bhaswar B. Bhattacharya

Due to the lack of a canonical ordering in ${\mathbb R}^d$ for $d>1$, defining multivariate generalizations of the classical univariate ranks has been a long-standing open problem in statistics. Optimal transport has been shown to offer a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-11 Hongjian Shi , Mathias Drton , Marc Hallin , Fang Han

In this paper, a robust non-parametric measure of statistical dependence, or correlation, between two random variables is presented. The proposed coefficient is a permutation-like statistic that quantifies how much the observed sample S_n :…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-27 Rami Mahdi

In modern scientific research, small-scale studies with limited participants are increasingly common. However, interpreting individual outcomes can be challenging, making it standard practice to combine data across studies using random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Lucas Kania , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

The aim of this paper is to show a possibility to identify multivariate distribution by means of specially constructed one-dimensional random variable. We give some inequalities which may appear to helpful for a construction of multivariate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-17 Lev B. Klebanov , Irina V. Volchenkova

The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we provide a novel characterization of independence of random vectors based on the checkerboard approximation to a multivariate copula. Using this result, we then propose a new family of tests of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-07 José M. González-Barrios , Eduardo Gutiérrez-Peña , Juan D. Nieves , Raúl Rueda

Tests of independence are an important tool in applications, specifically in connection with the detection of a relationship between variables; they also have initiated many developments in statistical theory. In the present paper we build…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-13 L. Baringhaus , R. Grübel

In this paper, we introduce a ${\mathcal L}_2$ type test for testing mutual independence and banded dependence structure for high dimensional data. The test is constructed based on the pairwise distance covariance and it accounts for the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-20 Shun Yao , Xianyang Zhang , Xiaofeng Shao

Testing mutual independence for high-dimensional observations is a fundamental statistical challenge. Popular tests based on linear and simple rank correlations are known to be incapable of detecting non-linear, non-monotone relationships,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-06 Mathias Drton , Fang Han , Hongjian Shi

In any parametric inference problem, the robustness of the procedure is a real concern. A procedure which retains a high degree of efficiency under the model and simultaneously provides stable inference under data contamination is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-01 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

The log-normal distribution is one of the most common distributions used for modeling skewed and positive data. It frequently arises in many disciplines of science, specially in the biological and medical sciences. The statistical analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-01 Ayanendranath Basu , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

In this paper, we propose a general framework for distribution-free nonparametric testing in multi-dimensions, based on a notion of multivariate ranks defined using the theory of measure transportation. Unlike other existing proposals in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-08 Nabarun Deb , Bodhisattva Sen

Two-sample tests for multivariate data and especially for non-Euclidean data are not well explored. This paper presents a novel test statistic based on a similarity graph constructed on the pooled observations from the two samples. It can…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-08-12 Hao Chen , Jerome H. Friedman