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The performance of a practical continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol depends significantly, apart from the loss and noise of the quantum channel, on the post-processing steps which lead to the extraction of the…

In a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system, the information is conveyed by coherent state carriers. The quantum continuous variables are sent through a quantum channel, where the presence of the eavesdropper adds a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Laszlo Gyongyosi

We propose a novel scheme for continuous variable quantum key distribution(CV-QKD) using the subcarrier multiplexing technique which was employed in microwave photonics. This scheme allows to distribute N channels independent Gaussian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-19 Jian Fang , Peng Huang , Guihua Zeng

We develop a singular layer transmission model for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD). In CVQKD, the transmit information is carried by continuous-variable (CV) quantum states, particularly by Gaussian random distributed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-21 Laszlo Gyongyosi

We use single homodyne detector to accomplish Continuous-Variable quantum key distribution(CV QKD) in a laboratory and urban environment free-space channel. This is based on Gaussian modulation with coherent-states in the polarization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Shi-Yang Shen , Ming-Wei Dai , Xue-Tao Zheng , Qi-Yao Sun , Bing Zhu , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

The speed at which two remote parties can exchange secret keys over a fixed-length fiber-optic cable in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is currently limited by the computational complexity of post-processing algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-28 Mario Milicevic , Chen Feng , Lei M. Zhang , P. Glenn Gulak

In this paper, we propose how to construct a reconciliation method for the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol. Theoretically, it is unconditionally secure because it is based on the quantum laws of physics, rather than the assumed…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a promising approach to secure communications, with continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offering compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Despite this advantage, CV-QKD is limited by…

This paper presents an easy-to-use open-source software library for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems. The library, written in C++, simplifies the crucial task of information reconciliation, ensuring that both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-02 Erdem Eray Cil , Laurent Schmalen

In recent years, continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) has become a promising paradigm for enabling secure communication among multiple end users sharing the same telecommunication backbone. CV-QKD with reverse…

Constrained devices, such as smart sensors, wearable devices, and Internet of Things nodes, are increasingly prevalent in society and rely on secure communications to function properly. These devices often operate autonomously, exchanging…

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) enables two remote parties to establish information-theoretically secure keys and offers high practical feasibility due to its compatibility with mature coherent optical communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Yanhao Sun , Jiayu Ma , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Ziyang Chen , Hong Guo

Establishing secure data communication necessitates secure key exchange over a public channel. Quantum key distribution (QKD), which leverages the principles of quantum physics, can achieve this with information-theoretic security. The…

We propose a novel continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol that employs orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) in the terahertz (THz) band to enable high-throughput and secure quantum communication. By…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Mingqi Zhang , Kaveh Delfanazari

Continuous variable quantum key distribution bears the promise of simple quantum key distribution directly compatible with commercial off the shelf equipment. However, for a long time its performance was hindered by the absence of good…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-18 Jesus Martinez-Mateo , David Elkouss

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocols based on coherent detection have been studied extensively in both theory and experiment. In all the existing implementations of CV-QKD, both the quantum signal and the local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-28 Bing Qi , Pavel Lougovski , Raphael Pooser , Warren Grice , Miljko Bobrek

Reconciliation is a crucial procedure in post-processing of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), which is used for correcting the error bits in sifted key strings. Although most studies about reconciliation of QKD focus on how to improve the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-26 Haokun Mao , Qiong Li , Qi Han , Hong Guo

We introduce a new continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol, self-referenced CV-QKD, that eliminates the need for transmission of a high-power local oscillator between the communicating parties. In this protocol, each…

A high-speed Gaussian modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) with a local local oscillator (LLO) is experimentally demonstrated based on pilot-tone-assisted phase compensation. In the proposed scheme, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Heng Wang , Yaodi Pi , Wei Huang , Yang Li , Yun Shao , Jie Yang , Jinlu Liu , Chenlin Zhang , Yichen Zhang , Bingjie Xu

Reconciliation is a mechanism allowing to weed out the discrepancies between two correlated variables. It has great role in every Quantum Key Distribution protocol where the key has to be transmitted through a noisy channel or as in our…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-20 Nedra Benletaief , Houria Rezig , Ammar Bouallegue