Related papers: A note reviewing Turing's 1936
We discuss the accuracy of the attribution commonly given to Turing's 1936 paper "On computable numbers..." for the computable undecidability of the halting problem, coming eventually to a nuanced conclusion.
We discuss the possibility of constructing a function that validates the definition or not definition of the partial recursive functions of one variable. This is a topic in computability theory, which was first approached by Alan M. Turing…
Remarks on the Cantor's nondenumerability proof of 1891 that the real numbers are noncountable will be given. By the Cantor's diagonal procedure, it is not possible to build numbers that are different from all numbers in a general assumed…
Turing's (1936) paper on computable numbers has played its role in underpinning different perspectives on the world of information. On the one hand, it encourages a digital ontology, with a perceived flatness of computational structure…
The Turing machine (TM) and the Church thesis have formalized the concept of computable number, this allowed to display non-computable numbers. This paper defines the concept of number "approachable" by a TM and shows that some (if not all)…
In his seminal paper from 1936, Alan Turing introduced the concept of non-computable real numbers and presented examples based on the algorithmically unsolvable Halting problem. We describe a different, analytically natural mechanism for…
The diagonal method is often used to show that Turing machines cannot solve their own halting problem. There have been several recent attempts to show that this method also exposes either contradiction or arbitrariness in other theoretical…
The Turing machine is one of the simple abstract computational devices that can be used to investigate the limits of computability. In this paper, they are considered from several points of view that emphasize the importance and the…
Incomputability as a mathematical notion arose from work of Alan Turing and Alonzo Church in the 1930s. Like Turing himself, it attracted less attention than it deserved beyond the confines of mathematics. Today our experiences in computer…
Computational problems are classified into computable and uncomputable problems. If there exists an effective procedure (algorithm) to compute a problem then the problem is computable otherwise it is uncomputable. Turing machines can…
We revisit the question (most famously) initiated by Turing: can human intelligence be completely modeled by a Turing machine? We show that the answer is \emph{no}, assuming a certain weak soundness hypothesis. More specifically we show…
We construct an increasing $\omega$-sequence $(a_n)$ of Turing degrees which forms an initial segment of the Turing degrees, and such that each~$a_{n+1}$ is diagonally noncomputable relative to $a_n$. It follows that the~$\mathsf{DNR}$…
This paper provides a new and more direct proof of the assertion that a Turing computable function of the natural numbers is primitive recursive if and only if the time complexity of the corresponding Turing machine is bounded by a…
Whatever other beliefs there may remain for considering Cantor's diagonal argument as mathematically legitimate, there are three that, prima facie, lend it an illusory legitimacy; they need to be explicitly discounted appropriately. The…
If we define classical foundational concepts constructively, and introduce non-algorithmic effective methods into classical mathematics, then we can bridge the chasm between truth and provability, and define computational methods that are…
Inspired by Quantum Mechanics, we reformulate Hilbert's tenth problem in the domain of integer arithmetics into problems involving either a set of infinitely-coupled non-linear differential equations or a class of linear Schr\"odinger…
The last century saw dramatic challenges to the Laplacian predictability which had underpinned scientific research for around 300 years. Basic to this was Alan Turing's 1936 discovery (along with Alonzo Church) of the existence of…
The study of computability has its origin in Hilbert's conference of 1900, where an adjacent question, to the ones he asked, is to give a precise description of the notion of algorithm. In the search for a good definition arose three…
The uncountability of the real numbers is one of their most basic properties, known (far) outside of mathematics. Cantor's 1874 proof of the uncountability of the real numbers even appears in the very first paper on set theory, i.e. a…
For any particularly interesting theorem one proof is never enough. Instead, the first proof sets the challenge to find a more elegant method that illuminates subtle features of the math, is simpler to understand, or even avoids using…