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The origin of high-energy cosmic rays in the energy range from 10^14 to 10^18 eV is explored with the KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande experiments. Radio signals from air showers are measured with the LOPES experiment. An overview on results is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 J. R. Hoerandel

We present a new methodology to discriminate between light and heavy ultra-high energy cosmic-ray primaries on an event-by-event basis using information from the radio detection of extensive air showers at MHz frequencies. Similarly to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-03-18 Washington R. Carvalho , Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz

We present an updated cosmic-ray mass composition analysis in the energy range $10^{16.8}$ to $10^{18.3}$ eV from 334 air showers measured with the LOFAR radio telescope, and selected for minimal bias. In this energy range, the origin of…

Air fluorescence detectors traditionally determine the dominant chemical composit ion of the ultrahigh energy cosmic ray flux by comparing the averaged slant depth of the shower maximum, $X_{max}$, as a function of energy to the slant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 HiRes Collaboration

The mass composition of cosmic rays contains important clues about their origin. Accurate measurements are needed to resolve long-standing issues such as the transition from Galactic to extragalactic origin, and the nature of the cutoff…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 S. Buitink , A. Corstanje , J. E. Enriquez , H. Falcke , J. R. Hörandel , T. Huege , A. Nelles , J. P. Rachen , P. Schellart , O. Scholten , S. ter Veen , S. Thoudam , T. N. G. Trinh

The muonic and electromagnetic components of air showers are sensitive to the mass of the primary cosmic particle. The sizes of the components can be measured with particle detectors on ground, and the electromagnetic component in addition…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-07 Ewa M. Holt , Frank G. Schröder , Andreas Haungs

Influence of shower fluctuations on the shape of lateral distribution of electrons in EAS of fixed size measured by scintillation counters is analyzed in framework of scaling formalism. Correction factors for the mean square radius of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-06 R. I. Raikin , A. A. Lagutin , A. V. Yushkov

Precise measurements of the radio emission by cosmic ray air showers require an adequate treatment of noise. Unlike to usual experiments in particle physics, where noise always adds to the signal, radio noise can in principle decrease or…

The presence of hadronic sub-showers causes azimuthal non-uniformity in the particle distributions on the ground in vertical air showers. The $LCm$ parameter, which quantifies the non-uniformity of the signal recorded in detectors located…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-27 Nicusor Arsene

In the course of its operation, the Volcano Ranch array collected data on the lateral distribution of showers produced by cosmic rays at energies above $10^{17}$ {\rm eV}. From these data very precise measurements of the steepness of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 M. T. Dova , M. E. Mancenido , A. G. Mariazzi , T. P. McCauley , A. A. Watson

The shape of the longitudinal development of the showers generated in the atmosphere by very high energy cosmic ray particles encodes information about the mass composition of the flux, and about the properties of hadronic interactions that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-19 Paolo Lipari

KASCADE-Grande is the extension of the multi-detector setup KASCADE to cover a primary cosmic ray energy range from 100 TeV to 1 EeV. The enlarged EAS experiment provides comprehensive observations of cosmic rays in the energy region around…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Grande Collaboration , LOPES Collaboration , A. F. Badea , T. Antoni , W. D. Apel , K. Bekk

New analysis of lateral distributions (LD) of electrons, muons and charged particles in extensive air showers generated by $10^{15}-10^{19}$ eV cosmic rays has been made with respect to the scaling formalism for LD and air shower…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-22 Roman Raikin , Tatyana Serebryakova , Nikolay Volkov , Anatoly Lagutin

LOPES-10 (the first phase of LOPES, consisting of 10 antennas) detected a significant number of cosmic ray air showers with a zenith angle larger than 50$^{\circ}$, and many of these have very high radio field strengths. The most inclined…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 Jelena Petrovic LOPES collaboration

As a basis for the interpretation of data gathered by LOPES and other experiments, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from cosmic ray air showers. The simulations, having been verified carefully…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-11-05 Tim Huege , Heino Falcke

One of the main aims of the LOPES experiment was the evaluation of the absolute amplitude of the radio signal of air showers. This is of special interest since the radio technique offers the possibility for an independent and highly precise…

The pattern of the radio emission of air showers is finely sampled with the Low-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). A set of 382 measured air showers is used to test a fast, analytic parameterization of the distribution of pulse powers. Using this…

LOPES 3D is able to measure all three components of the electric field vector of the radio emission from air showers. This allows a better comparison with emission models. The measurement of the vertical component increases the sensitivity…

The radio detection method for cosmic rays relies on coherent emission from electrons and positrons which is beamed in a narrow cone along the shower axis. Currently the only mod- els to reproduce this emission with sufficient accuracy are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 David Butler , Tim Huege , Olaf Scholten