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We consider the fundamental problem of estimating a discrete distribution on a domain of size $K$ with high probability in Kullback-Leibler divergence. We provide upper and lower bounds on the minimax estimation rate, which show that the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-23 Dirk van der Hoeven , Julia Olkhovskaia , Tim van Erven

We study a general framework of distributional computational graphs: computational graphs whose inputs are probability distributions rather than point values. We analyze the discretization error that arises when these graphs are evaluated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-13 Olof Hallqvist Elias , Michael Selby , Phillip Stanley-Marbell

A probabilistic approach for estimating sample qualities for stochastic differential equations is introduced in this paper. The aim is to provide a quantitative upper bound of the distance between the invariant probability measure of a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-24 Matthew Dobson , Jiayu Zhai , Yao Li

We extend the concept of probabilistic unambiguous discrimination of quantum states to quantum state estimation. We consider a scenario where the measurement device can output either an estimate of the unknown input state or an inconclusive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jaromir Fiurasek

Two-stage stochastic optimization is a framework for modeling uncertainty, where we have a probability distribution over possible realizations of the data, called scenarios, and decisions are taken in two stages: we make first-stage…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Andre Linhares , Chaitanya Swamy

We present new algorithms for estimating and testing \emph{collision probability}, a fundamental measure of the spread of a discrete distribution that is widely used in many scientific fields. We describe an algorithm that satisfies…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Robert Busa-Fekete , Umar Syed

A common statistical situation concerns inferring an unknown distribution Q(x) from a known distribution P(y), where X (dimension n), and Y (dimension m) have a known functional relationship. Most commonly, n<m, and the task is relatively…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-01 Jayajit Das , Sayak Mukherjee , Susan E. Hodge

Part I of this work [2] developed the exact diffusion algorithm to remove the bias that is characteristic of distributed solutions for deterministic optimization problems. The algorithm was shown to be applicable to a larger set of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-12-27 Kun Yuan , Bicheng Ying , Xiaochuan Zhao , Ali H. Sayed

This paper discusses how two classes of approximate computation algorithms can be adapted, in a modular fashion, to achieve exact statistical inference from differentially private data products. Considered are approximate Bayesian…

Computation · Statistics 2022-09-28 Ruobin Gong

The need to analyze sensitive data, such as medical records or financial data, has created a critical research challenge in recent years. In this paper, we adopt the framework of differential privacy, and explore mechanisms for generating…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Nikolija Bojkovic , Po-Ling Loh

We study an optimal control problem in which both the objective function and the dynamic constraint contain an uncertain parameter. Since the distribution of this uncertain parameter is not exactly known, the objective function is taken as…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-29 Jianxiong Ye , Lei Wang , Changzhi Wu , Jie Sun , Kok Lay Teo , Xiangyu Wang

We establish optimal Statistical Query (SQ) lower bounds for robustly learning certain families of discrete high-dimensional distributions. In particular, we show that no efficient SQ algorithm with access to an $\epsilon$-corrupted binary…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-06-10 Ilias Diakonikolas , Daniel M. Kane , Yuxin Sun

We provide a differentially private algorithm for hypothesis selection. Given samples from an unknown probability distribution $P$ and a set of $m$ probability distributions $\mathcal{H}$, the goal is to output, in a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Mark Bun , Gautam Kamath , Thomas Steinke , Zhiwei Steven Wu

The probability density quantile (pdQ) carries essential information regarding shape and tail behavior of a location-scale family. Convergence of repeated applications of the pdQ mapping to the uniform distribution is investigated and new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-23 Robert Staudte , Aihua Xia

We provide theoretical error bounds for the accurate numerical computation of the quantile function given the characteristic function of a continuous random variable. We show theoretically and empirically that the numerical error of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-20 Gero Junike

We present a novel approach to estimating discrete distributions with (potentially) infinite support in the total variation metric. In a departure from the established paradigm, we make no structural assumptions whatsoever on the sampling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Doron Cohen , Aryeh Kontorovich , Geoffrey Wolfer

We study the empirical likelihood approach to construct confidence intervals for the optimal value and the optimality gap of a given solution, henceforth quantify the statistical uncertainty of sample average approximation, for optimization…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-10-25 Henry Lam , Enlu Zhou

Randomized algorithms depend on accurate sampling from probability distributions, as their correctness and performance hinge on the quality of the generated samples. However, even for common distributions like Binomial, exact sampling is…

Computation · Statistics 2025-06-17 Uddalok Sarkar , Sourav Chakraborty , Kuldeep S. Meel

In this paper, we study the problem of sampling from a distribution under the constraint of differential privacy (DP). Prior works measure the utility of DP sampling with density ratio-based measures such as KL divergence. However, such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-12 Shokichi Takakura , Seng Pei Liew , Satoshi Hasegawa

This paper introduces a new technique for quantifying the approximation error of a broad class of probabilistic inference programs, including ones based on both variational and Monte Carlo approaches. The key idea is to derive a subjective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-06-02 Marco F Cusumano-Towner , Vikash K Mansinghka