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We review current challenges in understanding the values and origin of the spins of black holes in binaries. Thanks to recent advances in astrophysical instrumentation, the spins can now be measured using both gravitational waves emitted by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-06 Andrzej A. Zdziarski , Gregoire Marcel , Alexandra Veledina , Aleksandra Olejak , Debora Lancova

In this short review we describe some of the latest endeavours to understand the activity around Black Holes. First, it has been possible to demonstrate that a large part of the electromagnetic emission observed can be interpreted as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter L. Biermann , Mihaela Chirvasa , Heino Falcke , Sera Markof , Christian Zier

High-accuracy binary black hole simulations are presented for black holes with spins anti-aligned with the orbital angular momentum. The particular case studied represents an equal-mass binary with spins of equal magnitude S/m^2=0.43757 \pm…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-08 Tony Chu , Harald P. Pfeiffer , Mark A. Scheel

Merging binary black holes (BBHs) formed dynamically in dense star clusters are expected to have uncorrelated spin--orbit orientations since they are assembled through many random interactions. However, measured effective spins in BBHs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-14 Fulya Kıroğlu , James C. Lombardi , Kyle Kremer , Hans D. Vanderzyden , Frederic A. Rasio

Massive black hole (MBH) binary inspiral time scales are uncertain, and their spins are even more poorly constrained. Spin misalignment, along with unequal mass ratios and spin magnitudes, introduces asymmetry in the gravitational…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-05-21 Mohammad Sayeb , Laura Blecha , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Davide Gerosa , Michael Kesden , July Thomas

Binary black holes on quasicircular orbits with spins aligned with their orbital angular momentum have been testbeds for analytic and numerical relativity for decades, not least because symmetry ensures that such configurations are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-06 Davide Gerosa , Michael Kesden , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Antoine Klein , Emanuele Berti , Ulrich Sperhake , Daniele Trifirò

(Abridged) To gain insight into the dynamical influence of a supermassive black hole binary on a circumbinary accretion disk, we investigate the binary and viscous torque densities throughout such a disk, with emphasis on the final density…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-07 Michal Pirog , Siddharth Mahesh , Sean T. McWilliams

Massive black holes appear to be present in the nuclei of almost all galaxies, but their genesis and evolution are not well understood. As astrophysical black holes are completely characterized by their masses and spins, the observed joint…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Scott A. Hughes , Roger D. Blandford

The spin of a black hole is an important quantity to study, providing a window into the processes by which a black hole was born and grew. Further, spin can be a potent energy source for powering relativistic jets and energetic particle…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-01 Christopher S. Reynolds

We present the first fully-nonlinear numerical study of the dynamics of highly spinning black-hole binaries. We evolve binaries from quasicircular orbits (as inferred from Post-Newtonian theory), and find that the last stages of the orbital…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 M. Campanelli , C. O. Lousto , Y. Zlochower

Massive black hole binaries are naturally predicted in the context of the hierarchical model of structure formation. The binaries that manage to lose most of their angular momentum can coalesce to form a single remnant. In the last stages…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Massimo Dotti , Andrea Merloni , Carmen Montuori

We investigate systematically whether accreting black hole systems are likely to reach global alignment of the black hole spin and its accretion disc with the binary plane. In low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) there is only a modest tendency…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-08-17 Andrew King , Chris Nixon

The spin of black holes in black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binaries can have a strong influence on the merger dynamics and the postmerger state; a wide variety of spin magnitudes and orientations are expected to occur in nature. In this…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-25 Francois Foucart , Matthew D. Duez , Lawrence E. Kidder , Saul A. Teukolsky

We study the interplay between mass transfer, accretion and gravitational torques onto a black hole binary migrating in a self-gravitating, retrograde circumbinary disc. A direct comparison with an identical prograde disc shows that: (i)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-05 Constanze Roedig , Alberto Sesana

Recent numerical relativity simulations have shown that the final black hole produced in a binary merger can recoil with a velocity as large as 5,000 km/s. Because of enhanced gravitational-wave emission in the so-called "hang-up"…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-08-24 Emanuele Berti , Michael Kesden , Ulrich Sperhake

Astrophysically realistic black holes may have spins that are nearly extremal (i.e., close to 1 in dimensionless units). Numerical simulations of binary black holes are important tools both for calibrating analytical templates for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 Geoffrey Lovelace , Mark A. Scheel , Bela Szilagyi

As a black hole in a binary spirals in gradually from large separation, energy and angular momentum flow not only to infinity but also into or out of the hole. In addition, the hole's horizon area increases slowly during this process. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Kashif Alvi

Hierarchical structure formation inevitably leads to the formation of supermassive binary black holes (BBHs) with a sub-parsec separation in galactic nuclei. However, to date there has been no unambiguous detection of such systems. In an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kimitake Hayasaki , Shin Mineshige , Luis C. Ho

We discuss the observational consequences of black hole spin in X-ray binaries within the framework of the standard thin accretion disk model. When compared to theoretical flux distribution from the surface of a thin disk surrounding a Kerr…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. N. Zhang , Wei Cui , Wan Chen

We revisit the scenario of the gravitational radiation recoil acquired by the final remnant of a black-hole-binary merger by studying a set of configurations that have components of the spin both aligned with the orbital angular momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-12-13 Carlos O. Lousto , Yosef Zlochower