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The analysis and combination of data from different gamma-ray instruments involves the use of collaboration proprietary software and case-by-case methods. The effort of defining a common data format for high-level data, namely event lists…

The Cherenkov Telescope Array will provide unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution to gamma rays across orders of magnitude in energy. Above 1 TeV up to around 300 TeV an array of Small-Sized Telescopes (SSTs) will cover several…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-17 Richard White

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be able to perform unprecedented observations of the transient very high-energy sky. An on-line science alert generation (SAG) pipeline, with a required 30 second latency, will allow the discovery or…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-07-19 Valentina Fioretti , Deivid Ribeiro , Thomas B. Humensky , Andrea Bulgarelli , Gernot Maier , Abelardo Moralejo , Cosimo Nigro

The next decade can be considered the "golden age" of the Gamma Ray Astronomy with the two satellites for Gamma Ray Astronomy (AGILE and GLAST) in orbit. Therefore, thanks to many other X-ray experiments already in orbit (e.g. Swift,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-06-27 L. Angelo Antonelli

The 499 pixel photomultiplier cameras of the VERITAS gamma ray telescopes are instrumented with 500MHz sampling Flash ADCs. This paper describes a preliminary investigation of the best methods by which to exploit this information so as to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 J. Holder

MAGIC is a single-dish Cherenkov telescope located on La Palma (Spain), hence with an optimal view on the Northern sky. Sensitive in the 30 GeV-30 TeV energy band, it is nowadays the only ground-based instrument being able to measure…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-13 Javier Rico , Robert Wagner

The Crab nebula has proved to be the nearest to a standard candle in VHE $\gamma-$ ray astronomy. Results on the gamma ray emission from the nebula at various energies have come in the last decade mostly from imaging telescopes. The aim of…

The Sun Watcher with Active Pixel System detector and Image Processing (SWAP) telescope was launched on 2 November 2009 onboard the ESA PROBA2 technological mission and has acquired images of the solar corona every one - two minutes for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Jean-Philippe Halain , David Berghmans , Dan Seaton , Bogdan Nicula , Anik De Groof , Marilena Mierla , Alexandra Mazzoli , Jean-Marc Defise , Pierre Rochus

In 2018, the first prototype of the optical calibration system was installed in the Large Sized Telescopes, LST-1 at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, ORM, in La Palma, Canary Islands. We have almost completed the construction of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-22 M. Iori , L. Recchia , F. Ferrarotto , A. Girardi , R. Lunadei

Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy experienced a major boost with the advent of the present generation of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) in the past decade. Photons of energies >~ 0.1 TeV are a very useful tool in the study…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-06-07 Abelardo Moralejo Olaizola

The MAGIC telescopes are two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs) located on the Canary island of La Palma. With 17m diameter mirror dishes and ultra-fast electronics, they provide an energy threshold as low as 50 GeV for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Daniel Mazin , Diego Tescaro , Markus Garczarczyk , Gianluca Giavitto , Julian Sitarek

The VERITAS array of four 12-m imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes began full-scale operations in 2007, and is one of the world's most sensitive detectors of astrophysical very high energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) gamma rays. Observations of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-09 Wystan Benbow , the VERITAS Collaboration

In February 2007 the MAGIC Air Cherenkov Telescope for gamma-ray astronomy was fully upgraded with an ultra fast 2 GSamples/s digitization system. Since the Cherenkov light flashes are very short, a fast readout can minimize the influence…

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next generation of ground-based very high energy gamma-ray instruments and is planned to be built on two sites (one in each hemisphere) in the coming years, with full array operation foreseen to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Jan Ebr , Petr Janecek , Michael Prouza , Jiri Blazek

Astronomical transients are intrinsically interesting things to study. Fast optical transients (microsecond timescale) are a largely unexplored field of optical astronomy mainly due to the fact that large optical telescopes are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-05 Sean Griffin , David Hanna , Adam Gilbert

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the major next-generation observatory for ground-based very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy. It will improve the sensitivity of current ground-based instruments by a factor of five to twenty, depending…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 A. Acharyya , I. Agudo , E. O. Angüner , R. Alfaro , J. Alfaro , C. Alispach , R. Aloisio , R. Alves Batista , J. -P. Amans , L. Amati , E. Amato , G. Ambrosi , L. A. Antonelli , C. Aramo , T. Armstrong , F. Arqueros , L. Arrabito , K. Asano , H. Ashkar , C. Balazs , M. Balbo , B. Balmaverde , P. Barai , A. Barbano , M. Barkov , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , D. Bastieri , J. Becerra González , J. Becker Tjus , L. Bellizzi , W. Benbow , E. Bernardini , M. I. Bernardos , K. Bernlöhr , A. Berti , M. Berton , B. Bertucci , V. Beshley , B. Biasuzzi , C. Bigongiari , R. Bird , E. Bissaldi , J. Biteau , O. Blanch , J. Blazek , C. Boisson , G. Bonanno , A. Bonardi , C. Bonavolontà , G. Bonnoli , P. Bordas , M. Böttcher , J. Bregeon , A. Brill , A. M. Brown , K. Brügge , P. Brun , P. Bruno , A. Bulgarelli , T. Bulik , M. Burton , A. Burtovoi , G. Busetto , R. Cameron , R. Canestrari , M. Capalbi , A. Caproni , R. Capuzzo-Dolcetta , P. Caraveo , S. Caroff , R. Carosi , S. Casanova , E. Cascone , F. Cassol , F. Catalani , O. Catalano , D. Cauz , M. Cerruti , S. Chaty , A. Chen , M. Chernyakova , G. Chiaro , M. Cieślar , S. M. Colak , V. Conforti , E. Congiu , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , A. Costa , H. Costantini , G. Cotter , P. Cristofari , P. Cumani , G. Cusumano , A. D'Aì , F. D'Ammando , L. Dangeon , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , V. De Caprio , R. de Cássia dos Anjos , F. De Frondat , E. M. de Gouveia Dal Pino , B. De Lotto , D. De Martino , M. de Naurois , E. de Oña Wilhelmi , F. de Palma , V. de Souza , M. Del Santo , C. Delgado , D. della Volpe , T. Di Girolamo , F. Di Pierro , L. Di Venere , C. Díaz , S. Diebold , A. Djannati-Ataï , A. Dmytriiev , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , J. -L. Dournaux , J. Ebr , T. R. N. Ekoume , D. Elsässer , G. Emery , D. Falceta-Goncalves , E. Fedorova , S. Fegan , Q. Feng , G. Ferrand , E. Fiandrini , A. Fiasson , M. Filipovic , V. Fioretti , M. Fiori , S. Flis , M. V. Fonseca , G. Fontaine , L. Freixas Coromina , S. Fukami , Y. Fukui , S. Funk , M. Füßling , D. Gaggero , G. Galanti , R. J. Garcia López , M. Garczarczyk , D. Gascon , T. Gasparetto , M. Gaug , A. Ghalumyan , F. Gianotti , G. Giavitto , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , J. Gironnet , J. -F. Glicenstein , R. Gnatyk , P. Goldoni , J. M. González , M. M. González , K. N. Gourgouliatos , T. Grabarczyk , J. Granot , D. Green , T. Greenshaw , M. -H. Grondin , O. Gueta , D. Hadasch , T. Hassan , M. Hayashida , M. Heller , O. Hervet , J. Hinton , N. Hiroshima , B. Hnatyk , W. Hofmann , P. Horvath , M. Hrabovsky , D. Hrupec , T. B. Humensky , M. Hütten , T. Inada , F. Iocco , M. Ionica , M. Iori , Y. Iwamura , M. Jamrozy , P. Janecek , D. Jankowsky , P. Jean , L. Jouvin , J. Jurysek , P. Kaaret , L. H. S. Kadowaki , S. Karkar , D. Kerszberg , B. Khélifi , D. Kieda , S. Kimeswenger , W. Kluźniak , J. Knapp , J. Knödlseder , Y. Kobayashi , B. Koch , J. Kocot , N. Komin , A. Kong , G. Kowal , M. Krause , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , P. Kushwaha , V. La Parola , G. La Rosa , M. Lallena Arquillo , R. G. Lang , J. Lapington , O. Le Blanc , J. Lefaucheur , M. A. Leigui de Oliveira , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. -P. Lenain , G. Leto , R. Lico , E. Lindfors , T. Lohse , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , A. Lopez , M. López , A. Lopez-Oramas , R. López-Coto , S. Loporchio , P. L. Luque-Escamilla , E. Lyard , M. C. Maccarone , E. Mach , C. Maggio , P. Majumdar , G. Malaguti , M. Mallamaci , D. Mandat , G. Maneva , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , M. Marculewicz , M. Mariotti , J. Martí , M. Martínez , G. Martínez , H. Martínez-Huerta , S. Masuda , N. Maxted , D. Mazin , J. -L. Meunier , M. Meyer , S. Micanovic , R. Millul , I. A. Minaya , A. Mitchell , T. Mizuno , R. Moderski , L. Mohrmann , T. Montaruli , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , G. Morlino , A. Morselli , E. Moulin , R. Mukherjee , P. Munar , C. Mundell , T. Murach , A. Nagai , T. Nagayoshi , T. Naito , T. Nakamori , R. Nemmen , J. Niemiec , D. Nieto , M. Nievas Rosillo , M. Nikołajuk , D. Ninci , K. Nishijima , K. Noda , D. Nosek , M. Nöthe , S. Nozaki , M. Ohishi , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , R. A. Ong , M. Orienti , R. Orito , M. Ostrowski , N. Otte , Z. Ou , I. Oya , A. Pagliaro , M. Palatiello , M. Palatka , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , G. Pareschi , N. Parmiggiani , R. D. Parsons , B. Patricelli , A. Pe'er , M. Pech , P. Peñil Del Campo , J. Pérez-Romero , M. Perri , M. Persic , P. -O. Petrucci , O. Petruk , K. Pfrang , Q. Piel , E. Pietropaolo , M. Pohl , M. Polo , J. Poutanen , E. Prandini , N. Produit , H. Prokoph , M. Prouza , H. Przybilski , G. Pühlhofer , M. Punch , F. Queiroz , A. Quirrenbach , S. Rainò , R. Rando , S. Razzaque , O. Reimer , N. Renault-Tinacci , Y. Renier , D. Ribeiro , M. Ribó , J. Rico , F. Rieger , V. Rizi , G. Rodriguez Fernandez , J. C. Rodriguez-Ramirez , J. J. Rodríguez Vázquez , P. Romano , G. Romeo , M. Roncadelli , J. Rosado , G. Rowell , B. Rudak , A. Rugliancich , C. Rulten , I. Sadeh , L. Saha , T. Saito , S. Sakurai , F. Salesa Greus , P. Sangiorgi , H. Sano , M. Santander , A. Santangelo , R. Santos-Lima , A. Sanuy , K. Satalecka , F. G. Saturni , U. Sawangwit , S. Schlenstedt , P. Schovanek , F. Schussler , U. Schwanke , E. Sciacca , S. Scuderi , K. Sedlaczek , M. Seglar-Arroyo , O. Sergijenko , K. Seweryn , A. Shalchi , R. C. Shellard , H. Siejkowski , A. Sillanpää , A. Sinha , G. Sironi , V. Sliusar , A. Slowikowska , H. Sol , A. Specovius , S. Spencer , G. Spengler , A. Stamerra , S. Stanič , Ł. Stawarz , S. Stefanik , T. Stolarczyk , U. Straumann , T. Suomijarvi , P. Świerk , T. Szepieniec , G. Tagliaferri , H. Tajima , T. Tam , F. Tavecchio , L. Taylor , L. A. Tejedor , P. Temnikov , T. Terzic , V. Testa , L. Tibaldo , C. J. Todero Peixoto , F. Tokanai , L. Tomankova , D. Tonev , D. F. Torres , G. Tosti , L. Tosti , N. Tothill , F. Toussenel , G. Tovmassian , P. Travnicek , C. Trichard , G. Umana , V. Vagelli , M. Valentino , B. Vallage , P. Vallania , L. Valore , J. Vandenbroucke , G. S. Varner , G. Vasileiadis , V. Vassiliev , M. Vázquez Acosta , M. Vecchi , S. Vercellone , S. Vergani , G. P. Vettolani , A. Viana , C. F. Vigorito , J. Vink , V. Vitale , H. Voelk , A. Vollhardt , S. Vorobiov , S. J. Wagner , R. Walter , F. Werner , R. White , A. Wierzcholska , M. Will , D. A. Williams , R. Wischnewski , L. Yang , T. Yoshida , T. Yoshikoshi , M. Zacharias , L. Zampieri , M. Zavrtanik , D. Zavrtanik , A. A. Zdziarski , A. Zech , H. Zechlin , A. Zenin , V. I. Zhdanov , S. Zimmer , J. Zorn

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the world's first observatory for detecting gamma-rays from astrophysical phenomena and is now in its prototyping phase with construction expected to begin in 2015/16. In this work we present the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Cameron B. Rulten , Sam J. Nolan

The MAGIC telescopes, located at Observatorio El Roque de los Muchachos (La Palma, Spain) are two Imaging Air Cherenkov Telescopes observing the Very High Energy (VHE) gamma rays. They are run by an international collaboration composed of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-31 Oscar Blanch , Julian Sitarek

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is an atmospheric Cherenkov observatory that will image the cosmos in very-high-energy gamma rays. CTA will study the highest-energy particle accelerators in the Universe and potentially confirm the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 J. Vandenbroucke

MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located on the Canary island of La Palma, Spain. During summer 2011 and 2012 it underwent a major upgrade. The main subsystems upgraded were the MAGIC-I camera and its…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-14 Julian Sitarek , Emiliano Carmona , Pierre Colin , Daniel Mazin , Diego Tescaro
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