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We study the nature of the ground state of the frustrated J1-J2 model and the J1-J3 model using a variational algorithm based on projected entangled-pair states (PEPS). By investigating spin-spin correlation functions, we observe a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-05-29 V. Murg , F. Verstraete , J. I. Cirac

Matrix product states (MPS) and matrix product operators (MPOs) are one dimensional tensor networks that underlie the modern density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) algorithm. The use of MPOs accounts for the high level of generality…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-05-27 Matthew J. O'Rourke , Garnet Kin-Lic Chan

Two dimensional tensor networks such as projected entangled pairs states (PEPS) are generally hard to contract. This is arguably the main reason why variational tensor network methods in 2D are still not as successful as in 1D. However,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-12-07 Anurag Anshu , Itai Arad , Aditya Jain

Infinite projected entangled-pair states (iPEPS) have been introduced to accurately describe many-body wave functions on two-dimensional lattices. In this context, two aspects are crucial: the systematic improvement of the {\it Ansatz} by…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-29 Juraj Hasik , Glen B. Mbeng , Sylvain Capponi , Federico Becca , Andreas M. Läuchli

Doubts have been raised on the representation of chiral spin liquids exhibiting topological order in terms of projected entangled pair states (PEPSs). Here, starting from a simple spin-1/2 chiral frustrated Heisenberg model, we show that a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-11-18 Juraj Hasik , Maarten Van Damme , Didier Poilblanc , Laurens Vanderstraeten

We devise an all-optical scheme for the generation of entangled multimode photonic states encoded in temporal modes of light. The scheme employs a nonlinear down-conversion process in an optical loop to generate one- and higher-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-29 I. Dhand , M. Engelkemeier , L. Sansoni , S. Barkhofen , C. Silberhorn , M. B. Plenio

The infinite Projected Entangled-Pair State (iPEPS) algorithm is one of the most efficient techniques for studying the ground-state properties of two-dimensional quantum lattice Hamiltonians in the thermodynamic limit. Here, we show how the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-04-04 Saeed S. Jahromi , Roman Orus , Mehdi Kargarian , Abdollah Langari

We investigate the topological character of lattice chiral Gaussian fermionic states in two dimensions possessing the simplest descriptions in terms of projected entangled-pair states (PEPS). They are ground states of two different kinds of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-09-24 Thorsten B. Wahl , Stefan T. Haßler , Hong-Hao Tu , J. Ignacio Cirac , Norbert Schuch

We introduce a new paradigm for scaling simulations with projected entangled-pair states (PEPS) for critical strongly-correlated systems, allowing for reliable extrapolations of PEPS data with relatively small bond dimensions $D$. The key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Bram Vanhecke , Juraj Hasik , Frank Verstraete , Laurens Vanderstraeten

We introduce a framework for characterizing Matrix Product States (MPS) and Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) in terms of symmetries. This allows us to understand how PEPS appear as ground states of local Hamiltonians with finitely…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-16 Norbert Schuch , Ignacio Cirac , David Perez-Garcia

We employ matrix product states (MPS) and tensor networks to study topological properties of the space of ground states of gapped many-body systems. We focus on families of states in one spatial dimension, where each state can be…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-15 Marvin Qi , David T. Stephen , Xueda Wen , Daniel Spiegel , Markus J. Pflaum , Agnès Beaudry , Michael Hermele

We present and implement an efficient variational method to simulate two-dimensional finite size fermionic quantum systems by fermionic projected entangled pair states. The approach differs from the original one due to the fact that there…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2010-06-15 Iztok Pizorn , Frank Verstraete

Tensor network (TN) states, including entanglement renormalization (ER), can encompass a wider variety of entangled states. When the entanglement structure of the quantum state of interest is non-uniform in real space, accurately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Ryo Watanabe , Hiroshi Ueda

Tensor network states are used extensively as a mathematically convenient description of physically relevant states of many-body quantum systems. Those built on regular lattices, i.e. matrix product states (MPS) in dimension 1 and projected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Cécilia Lancien , David Pérez-García

Here we show how the Minimally Entangled States (MES) of a 2d system with topological order can be identified using the geometric measure of entanglement. We show this by minimizing this measure for the doubled semion, doubled Fibonacci and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-11-12 Oliver Buerschaper , Artur Garcia-Saez , Roman Orus , Tzu-Chieh Wei

We show that Projected Entangled-Pair States (PEPS) in two spatial dimensions can describe chiral topological states by explicitly constructing a family of such states with a non-trivial Chern number. They are ground states of two different…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2013-12-20 T. B. Wahl , H. -H. Tu , N. Schuch , J. I. Cirac

Tensor networks such as matrix product states (MPS) and projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are commonly used to approximate quantum systems. These networks are optimized in methods such as DMRG or evolved by local operators. We provide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-07 Yifan Zhang , Edgar Solomonik

Strongly correlated layered 2D systems are of central importance in condensed matter physics, but their numerical study is very challenging. Motivated by the enormous successes of tensor networks for 1D and 2D systems, we develop an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-05 Patrick C. G. Vlaar , Philippe Corboz

We have developed an efficient tensor network algorithm for spin ladders, which generates ground-state wave functions for infinite-size quantum spin ladders. The algorithm is able to efficiently compute the ground-state fidelity per lattice…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-17 Sheng-Hao Li , Yao-Heng Su , Yan-Wei Dai , Huan-Qiang Zhou

We study tensor network states defined on an underlying graph which is sparsely connected. Generic sparse graphs are expander graphs with a high probability, and one can represent volume law entangled states efficiently with only polynomial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-13 Subhayan Sahu , Brian Swingle