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We use a coarse-grained molecular model to study the self-assembly process of complexes of cationic and neutral lipids with DNA molecules ("lipoplexes") - a promising nonviral carrier of DNA for gene therapy. We identify the resulting…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-05-31 Oded Farago , Niels Grønbech-Jensen

When a macroscopic-sized non-crystalline sample is illuminated using coherent x-ray radiation, a bifurcation of photon energy flow may occur. The coarse-grained complex refractive index of the sample may be considered to attenuate and…

When an X-ray area detector based on a single crystalline material, for instance, a state of the art hybrid pixel detector, is illuminated from a point source by monochromatic radiation, a pattern of lines appears which overlays the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-08-01 Christian Gollwitzer , Michael Krumrey

A one-coordinate gaseous detector of soft X-ray photons for wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) studies is being developed. The detector operates in counting mode and is based on multi-stage Gas Electron Multiplier(GEM). Full size detector…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2008-11-26 V. M. Aulchenko , P. A. Papushev , M. R. Sharafutdinov , L. I. Shekhtman , V. M. Titov , B. P. Tolochko , V. V. Zhulanov

The number of photons available by coherent X-ray scattering from a single biomolecule is considerably less because of the extremely small elastic-scattering cross-section and low damage threshold. Even with a high X-ray flux of 3 x 10to 12…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tsumoru Shintake

The advent of isolated and intense sub-femtosecond X-ray pulses enables tracking of quantummechanical motion of electrons in molecules and solids. The combination of X-ray spectroscopy and diffraction imaging is a powerful approach to…

A coherent x-ray diffraction experiment was performed on an isolated colloidal crystal grain at the coherence beamline P10 at PETRA III. Using azimuthal rotation scans the three-dimensional (3D) scattered intensity in reciprocal space from…

Single molecules in solids have been considered as an attractive class of solid-state single quantum systems because they can be chemically synthesized at low cost to have stable narrow transitions at desired wavelengths. Here we report and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Shangming Wei , Penglong Ren , Yong He , Pu Zhang , Xue-Wen Chen

Coherent low-energy electrons have been demonstrated as a practical tool for imaging individual macromolecules and two-dimensional (2D) crystals. Low-energy electrons exhibit unique properties: low radiation damage to biological molecules…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-29 Tatiana Latychevskaia

We describe the design, construction and performance of a 4-circle in-vacuum diffractometer for resonant elastic soft x-ray scattering and reflectivity. The diffractometer, installed on the REIXS beamline at the Canadian Light Source,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-03-19 D. G. Hawthorn , F. He , L. Venema , H. Davis , A. J. Achkar , J. Zhang , R. Sutarto , H. Wadati , A. Radi , T. Wilson , G. Wright , K. M. Shen , J. Geck , H. Zhang , V. Novak , G. A. Sawatzky

We have explored the light induced dynamics in superfluid helium nanodroplets with wide-angle scattering in a pump-probe measurement scheme. The droplets are doped with xenon atoms to facilitate the ignition of a nanoplasma through…

The development of high-brightness free-electron lasers (FEL) has revolutionised our ability to create and study matter in the high-energy-density (HED) regime. Current diagnostic techniques have been very successful in yielding information…

X-ray diffraction from molecules in the ground state produces an image of their charge density, and time-resolved X-ray diffraction can thus monitor the motion of the nuclei. However, the density change of excited valence electrons upon…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-06-15 Jérémy R. Rouxel , Markus Kowalewski , Kochise Bennett , Shaul Mukamel

High-resolution microscopy of two-dimensional dipolar quantum gases requires selecting individual atomic layers, a task complicated for strongly magnetic lanthanide atoms by the limited applicability of standard magnetic-gradient…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2026-05-14 Niclas Höllrigl , Marian Kreyer , Rudolf Grimm , Emil Kirilov

Coherent X-ray scattering techniques are critical for investigating the fundamental structural properties of materials at the nanoscale. While advancements have made these experiments more accessible, real-time analysis remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Aileen Luo , Tao Zhou , Ming Du , Martin V. Holt , Andrej Singer , Mathew J. Cherukara

Synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments and molecular dynamics simulations have been performed on simple aliphatic aldehydes, from propanal to nonanal. The performance of the OPLS all-atom interaction potential model for aldehydes has…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-11-27 Ildikó Pethes , László Temleitner , Matija Tomšič , Andrej Jamnik , László Pusztai

Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) is a spectroscopic technique which has been widely used to study various elementary excitations in correlated and other condensed matter systems. For strongly correlated materials, besides boosting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-12-27 C. J. Jia , C. -C. Chen , A. P. Sorini , B. Moritz , T. P. Devereaux

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is the first x-ray laser user facility based upon a free electron laser (FEL). In addition to many other stringent requirements, the LCLS XFEL requires extraordinary beam quality to saturate at 1.5…

The use of coherent x-ray beams has been greatly developing for the past decades. They are now used by a wide scientific community to study biological materials, phase transitions in crystalline materials, soft matter, magnetism, strained…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-09-01 V. L. R. Jacques , S. Ravy , D. Le Bolloc'h , E. Pinsolle , M. Sauvage-Simkin , F. Livet

Bright ultrashort X-ray pulses allow scientists to observe ultrafast motion of atoms and molecules. Coherent light sources, such as the X-ray free electron laser (XFEL), enable remarkable discoveries in cell biology, protein…