Related papers: Do we see accreting magnetars in X-ray pulsars?
Observations indicate that magnetic fields on neutron stars span at least the range $10^{8-15}$ G, corresponding to a range of magnetic fluxes similar to that found in white dwarfs and main sequence stars. The observational evidence is…
Highly magnetized neutron stars are promising candidates to explain some of the most peculiar astronomical phenomena, for instance, fast radio bursts, gamma-ray bursts, and superluminous supernovae. Pulsations of these highly magnetized…
In this chapter we give an overview of the properties of X-ray binary systems containing a weakly magnetized neutron star. These are old (Giga-years life-time) semi-detached binary systems containing a neutron star with a relatively weak…
Pulsations were recently detected from the ultraluminous X-ray source X-2 in M82. The newly discovered pulsar has been described as a common neutron star with a 1 TG magnetic field that accretes above the Eddington rate and as a…
One ultraluminous X-ray source in M82 is identified as an accreting neutron star recently (named as NuSTAR J095551+6940.8). It has a super-Eddington luminosity and is spinning up. For an aged magnetar, it is more likely to be a low magnetic…
Differential rotation induced by the r-mode instability can generate very strong toroidal fields in the core of accreting, millisecond spinning neutron stars. We introduce explicitly the magnetic damping term in the evolution equations of…
As the endpoints of massive star evolution, neutron stars are enigmatic celestial objects characterized by extremely dense and exotic nuclear matter, magnetospheres with positrons (antimatter), rapid rotation and ultra-strong magnetic…
We present a detailed investigation of atmospheres around accreting neutron stars with high magnetic field ($B\gtrsim 10^{12}$ G) and low luminosity ($L\lesssim 10^{33}$ erg/s). We compute the atmospheric structure, intensity and emergent…
This paper intends to give a broad overview of the present knowledge about neutron star magnetic fields, their origin and evolution. An up-to-date overview of the rich phenomenology (encompassing ``classical'' and millisecond radio pulsars,…
Some modern models of neutron star evolution predict that initially large magnetic fields rapidly decay down to some saturation value $\sim {\rm few}\times 0^{13}$ G and weaker magnetic fields do not decay significantly (Pons). It is…
Millisecond x-ray pulsars have weak magnetic dipole moments of $\sim 10^{16}$\,T\,m$^3$ compared to ordinary X-ray pulsars with dipole moments of $10^{20}$\,T\,m$^3$. For this reason a surrounding accretion disc can extend closer to the…
Assuming the wind-fed accretion magnetars in long period X-ray pulsars, we calculated the rotational evolution of the neutron stars. Our calculations considered the effects of the magnetic field decay in magnetars. The results show that…
The spin behaviour of the neutron star in the newly discovered young Be/X-ray long-period pulsar SXP 1062 is discussed. The star is observed to rotate with the period of 1062s, and spin-down at the rate ~ - 2.6 \times 10^{-12} Hz s^{-1}. I…
There has recently been growing evidence for the existence of neutron stars possessing magnetic fields with strengths that exceed the quantum critical field strength of $4.4 \times 10^{13}$ G, at which the cyclotron energy equals the…
Several relatively bright, persistent X-ray sources display regular pulses, with periods in the range of 700-10000 s. These sources are identified with massive close binaries in which a neutron star accretes material onto its surface. The…
Two classes of X-ray pulsars, the Anomalous X-ray Pulsars and the Soft Gamma-ray Repeaters, have been recognized in the last decade as the most promising candidates for being magnetars: isolated neutron stars powered by magnetic energy. I…
Measuring the spin of Accreting Neutron Stars is important because it can provide constraints on the Equation of State of ultra-dense matter. Particularly crucial to our physical understanding is the discovery of sub-millisecond pulsars,…
Extremely strong magnetic fields of the order of $10^{15}\,{\rm G}$ are required to explain the properties of magnetars, the most magnetic neutron stars. Such a strong magnetic field is expected to play an important role for the dynamics of…
The magnetic fields of neutron stars have a large range (~3e10 - 1e15 G). There may be a tendency for more highly magnetized neutron stars to come from more massive stellar progenitors, but other factors must also play a role. When combined…
High magnetic fields are a distinguishing feature of neutron stars and the existence of sources (the soft gamma repeaters and the anomalous X-ray pulsars) hosting an ultra-magnetized neutron star (or magnetar) has been recognized in the…