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The discrete-time quantum walk (QW) has been extensively and intensively investigated for the last decade, whose coin operator is defined by a unitary matrix. We extend the QW to a walk determined by a unitary matrix whose component is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-05 Norio Konno

Quantum walks (QWs) describe the evolution of quantum systems on graphs. An intrinsic degree of freedom---called the coin and represented by a finite-dimensional Hilbert space---is associated to each node. Scalar quantum walks are QWs with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-17 Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano , Marco Erba , Paolo Perinotti

In this paper we present closed-form expressions for the wave function that governs the evolution of the discrete-time quantum walk on a line when the coin operator is arbitrary. The formulas were derived assuming that the walker can either…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-02-18 Miquel Montero

We present the first robust implementation of a coined quantum walk over five steps using only passive optical elements. By employing a fiber network loop we keep the amount of required resources constant as the walker's position Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 A. Schreiber , K. N. Cassemiro , V. Potocek , A. Gabris , P. J. Mosley , E. Andersson , I. Jex , Ch. Silberhorn

This letter treats the quantum random walk on the line determined by a 2 times 2 unitary matrix U. A combinatorial expression for the mth moment of the quantum random walk is presented by using 4 matrices, P, Q, R and S given by U. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norio Konno

In this paper, a study on discrete-time coined quantum walks on the line is presented. Clear mathematical foundations are still lacking for this quantum walk model. As a step towards this objective, the following question is being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-01 Marcos Villagra , Masaki Nakanishi , Shigeru Yamashita , Yasuhiko Nakashima

It is recently shown by Asahara-Funakawa-Seki-Tanaka that existing index theory for chirally symmetric (discrete-time) quantum walks can be extended to the setting of non-unitary quantum walks. More precisely, they consider a certain…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Chusei Kiumi , Kei Saito , Yohei Tanaka

The most elementary quantum walk is characterized by a 2-dimensional unitary coin flip matrix, which can be parameterized by 4 real variables. The influence of the choice of the coin flip matrix on the time evolution operator is analysed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-30 Lauri Lehman

Coin and scattering are the two major formulations for discrete quantum walks models, each believed to have its own advantages in different applications. Although they are related in some cases, it was an open question their equivalence in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-07-18 F. M. Andrade , M. G. E. da Luz

It is demonstrated that in gate-based quantum computing architectures quantum walk is a natural mathematical description of quantum gates. It originates from field-matter interaction driving the system, but is not attached to specific qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-08 Dmitry Solenov

A coinless, discrete-time quantum walk possesses a Hilbert space whose dimension is smaller compared to the widely-studied coined walk. Coined walks require the direct product of the site basis with the coin space, coinless walks operate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Renato Portugal , Stefan Boettcher , Stefan Falkner

Discrete-time quantum walk in one-dimension is studied from a path-integral perspective. This enables derivation of a closed-form expression for amplitudes corresponding to any coin-position basis of the state vector of the quantum walker…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-02 Karthik S. Joshi , S. K. Srivatsa , R. Srikanth

We formulate a framework for discrete-time quantum walks, motivated by classical random walks with memory. We present a specific representation of the classical walk with memory 2 on which this is based. The framework has no need for coin…

We review various unitary network models used in quantum computing, spectral analysis or condensed matter physics and establish relationships between them. We show that symmetric one dimensional quantum walks are universal, as are CMV…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-09-30 Joachim Asch , Olivier Bourget , Alain Joye

A discrete-time quantum walk (QW) is essentially a unitary operator driving the evolution of a single particle on the lattice. Some QWs have familiar physics PDEs as their continuum limit. Some slight generalization of them (allowing for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-22 Pablo Arrighi , Giuseppe Di Molfetta , Stefano Facchini

Quantum Rings have been simulated so far in many ways, but in this work a new aproximation is deemed. We use particles without angular momentum and several spectra, for different geometric settings, are gotten. These spectra depends on K,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-08 César Alonso-Lobo , Manuel Martínez-Quesada

One of the unique features of discrete-time quantum walks is called trapping, meaning the inability of the quantum walker to completely escape from its initial position, albeit the system is translationally invariant. The effect is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-15 Bálint Kollár , András Gilyén , Iva Tkáčová , Tamás Kiss , Igor Jex , Martin Štefaňák

We clarify that coined quantum walk is determined by only the choice of local quantum coins. To do so, we characterize coined quantum walks on graph by disjoint Euler circles with respect to symmetric arcs. In this paper, we introduce a new…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-05-08 Yusuke Higuchi , Norio Konno , Iwao Sato , Etsuo Segawa

Existence of the eigenvalues of the discrete-time quantum walks is deeply related to localization. Also, for the study of open quantum systems, non-Hermitian systems have attracted much attention. As mathematical models for such systems,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Takako Endo , Yohei Matsumoto , Hiromichi Ohno , Akito Suzuki

In this Chapter, we present some interesting properties of quantum walks on the line. We concentrate our attention in the emergence of invariance and provide some insights into the ultimate origin of the observed behavior. In the first part…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-02 Miquel Montero