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Economic growth is conventionally analyzed at the national level, yet cities generate the bulk of global output. Here we construct GDP trajectories for 8,808 functional urban areas (FUAs) across 165 countries over 1993-2019 using…

Through the past decade the field of network science has established itself as a common ground for the cross-fertilization of exciting inter-disciplinary studies which has motivated researchers to model almost every physical system as an…

One of the most important features of spatial networks such as transportation networks, power grids, Internet, neural networks, is the existence of a cost associated with the length of links. Such a cost has a profound influence on the…

This article studies the Greek interregional commuting network (GRN) by using measures and methods of complex network analysis and empirical techniques. The study aims to detect structural characteristics of the commuting phenomenon, which…

Tourism is a worldwide practice with international tourism revenues increasing from US\$495 billion in 2000 to US\$1340 billion in 2017. Its relevance to the economy of many countries is obvious. Even though the World Airline Network (WAN)…

We study how efficient resource reallocation across cities affects potential aggregate growth. Using optimal resource allocation models and data on 284 China's prefecture-level cities in the years 2003--2019, we quantitatively measure the…

We analyze analytically the effect of congestion costs within a physically relevant, yet exactly solvable network model featuring central hubs. These costs lead to a competition between centralized and decentralized transport pathways. In…

The well-known Braess paradox in congestion games states that adding an additional road to a transportation network may increase the total travel time, and consequently decrease the overall efficiency. Motivated by this, this paper presents…

Urban road networks are well known to have universal characteristics and scale-invariant patterns, despite the different geographical and historical environments of cities. Previous studies on universal characteristics of the urban road…

We described the average traffic congestion in several populous cities around the world from a new concept, namely landscape percolation. The ratio of the residential area size to road width is a fundamental parameter that controls the…

Project promoters, forecasters, and managers sometimes object to two things in measuring inaccuracy in travel demand forecasting: (1) using the forecast made at the time of making the decision to build as the basis for measuring inaccuracy…

The majority of estimates of the social cost of carbon use preference parameters calibrated to data for North America and Europe. We here use representative data for attitudes to time and risk across the world. The social cost of carbon is…

Modern blockchain ecosystems comprise many heterogeneous networks, creating a growing need for interoperability. Cross-chain bridges provide the core infrastructure for this interoperability by enabling verifiable state transitions that…

Complex networks are commonly used to explore human behavior. However, previous studies largely overlooked the geographical and economic factors embedded in collective attention. To address this, we construct attention networks from…

The effects of the spatial scale on the results of the optimisation of transmission and generation capacity in Europe are quantified under a 95% CO2 reduction compared to 1990 levels, interpolating between one-node-per-country solutions and…

Metro networks serve as good examples of traffic systems for understanding the relations between geometric structures and transport properties.We study and compare 28 world major metro networks in terms of the Wasserstein distance, the key…

Moving parcels from origin to destination should not require a lot of re-planning. However, the vast number of shipments and destinations, which need to be re-aligned in real-time due to various external factors makes the delivery process a…

The European electricity market is based on large pricing zones with a uniform day-ahead price. The energy transition leads to changes in supply and demand and increasing redispatch costs. In an attempt to ensure efficient market clearing…

Geographic routing protocols greatly reduce the requirements of topology storage and provide flexibility in the accommodation of the dynamic behavior of ad hoc networks. This paper presents performance evaluations and comparisons of two…

Rural and urban areas exhibit distinct mobility patterns, yet a systematic understanding of how these trends differ across regions and contexts remains underexplored. By using origin-destination matrices from Location-Based Services data in…