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X-ray microtomography is a versatile tool allowing the measurement of the 3D structure of optically thick samples. As a non-destructive technique, it is readily adapted to 4D imaging, where a sample can be monitored over time, and…
We outline some basics of imaging using both fully-coherent and partially-coherent X-ray beams, with an emphasis on phase-contrast imaging. We open with some of the basic notions of X-ray imaging, including the vacuum wave equations and the…
Phase imaging techniques extract the optical path-length information of a scene, whereas wavefront sensors provide the shape of an optical wavefront. Since these two applications have different technical requirements, they have developed…
X-ray interferometry provides valuable information in terms of attenuation, small-angle scatter, and differential phase contrast. This multi-modal contrast can aid in many clinical applications, such as lung diseases and breast cancer.…
Medical differential phase contrast x-ray imaging (DPCI) promises improved soft-tissue contrast at lower x-ray dose. The dose strongly depends on both the angular sensitivity and on the visibility of a grating-based Talbot-Lau…
The diffraction contrast modalities accessible by X-ray grating interferometers are not imaged directly but have to be inferred from sine like signal variations occurring in a series of images acquired at varying relative positions of the…
Phase-contrast imaging is an emerging technology that may increase the signal-difference-to-noise ratio in medical imaging. One of the most promising phase-contrast techniques is Talbot interferometry, which, combined with energy-sensitive…
We present a multi-aperture analyser set-up for performing X-ray phase contrast imaging in planar and three-dimensional modalities. A multi-slice representation of the sample is used to establish a quantitative relation between projection…
Purpose: Grating-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a promising modality increasing the soft tissue contrast in medical imaging. In this work, the signature of lung tissue in X-ray grating-based physe-contrast imaging is investigated.…
X-ray imaging, traditionally relying on attenuation contrast, struggles to differentiate materials with similar attenuation coefficients like soft tissues. X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) and dark-field (DF) imaging provide enhanced…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging enhances soft tissue visualization by leveraging the phase shift of X-rays passing through materials. It permits to minimize radiation exposure due to high contrast, as well as high resolution imaging limited by…
X-ray Talbot-Lau interferometer has been used widely to conduct phase contrast imaging with a conventional low-brilliance x-ray source. Typically, in this technique, background correction has to be performed in order to obtain the pure…
X-ray imaging has conventionally relied upon attenuation to provide contrast. In recent years, two complementary modalities have been added; phase contrast and dark-field x-ray imaging, capturing weakly attenuating and sub-pixel sample…
Articular cartilage is a musculoskeletal soft tissue renowned for its unique mechanical properties. Understanding both its hierarchical structure and the interplay between its constituents could shed light on the mechanical competence of…
A phase-sensitive microscopy technique is proposed and demonstrated that employs the momentum correlations inherent in spontaneous parametric down-conversion. One photon from a correlated pair is focused onto a microscopic target while the…
Like many other advanced imaging methods, x-ray phase contrast imaging and tomography require mathematical inversion of the observed data to obtain real-space information. While an accurate forward model describing the generally nonlinear…
In the last five decades, iterative phase retrieval methods draw large amount of interest across the research community as a non-interferometric approach to recover quantitative phase distributions from one (or more) intensity measurement.…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has recently led to a revolution in resolving power and tissue contrast in biomedical imaging, microscopy and materials science. The necessary high spatial coherence is currently provided by either large-scale…
Phase invariants are important pieces of information about the atomic structures of crystals. There are several mathematical methods in X-ray crystallography to estimate phase invariants. The multi-wave diffraction phenomenon offers a…
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a differential microscopy method to obtain simultaneous amplitude, phase, and quantitative polarization gradient imaging in a single experimental embodiment. A full-field optical spatial…