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Observational studies are regarded as economic alternatives to randomized trials, often used in their stead to investigate and determine treatment efficacy. Due to lack of sample size, observational studies commonly combine data from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-05-16 Tianhui Zhou , William E. Carson , Michael Hunter Klein , David Carlson

Deep learning algorithms vary depending on the underlying connection mechanism of nodes of them. They have various hyperparameters that are either set via specific algorithms or randomly chosen. Meanwhile, hyperparameters of deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 M. M. Ozturk

Drug combination therapy is a well-established strategy for disease treatment with better effectiveness and less safety degradation. However, identifying novel drug combinations through wet-lab experiments is resource intensive due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Zhihang Hu , Qinze Yu , Yucheng Guo , Taifeng Wang , Irwin King , Xin Gao , Le Song , Yu Li

The rapid growth in data availability has facilitated research and development, yet not all industries have benefited equally due to legal and privacy constraints. The healthcare sector faces significant challenges in utilizing patient data…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-18 Katariina Perkonoja , Kari Auranen , Joni Virta

Personalized head and neck cancer therapeutics have greatly improved survival rates for patients, but are often leading to understudied long-lasting symptoms which affect quality of life. Sequential rule mining (SRM) is a promising…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Carla Floricel , Andrew Wentzel , Abdallah Mohamed , C. David Fuller , Guadalupe Canahuate , G. Elisabeta Marai

There is a growing interest in using a longitudinal observational databases to detect drug safety signal. In this paper we present a novel method, which we used online during the OMOP Cup. We consider homogeneous ensembling, which is based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-10-05 Vladimir Nikulin

For large libraries of small molecules, exhaustive combinatorial chemical screens become infeasible to perform when considering a range of disease models, assay conditions, and dose ranges. Deep learning models have achieved state of the…

Longitudinal targeted maximum likelihood estimation (LTMLE) has very rarely been used to estimate dynamic treatment effects in the context of time-dependent confounding affected by prior treatment when faced with long follow-up times,…

Predictive monitoring of business processes is concerned with the prediction of ongoing cases on a business process. Lately, the popularity of deep learning techniques has propitiated an ever-growing set of approaches focused on predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Efrén Rama-Maneiro , Juan C. Vidal , Manuel Lama

In several applications such as databases, planning, and sensor networks, parameters such as selectivity, load, or sensed values are known only with some associated uncertainty. The performance of such a system (as captured by some…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-01-28 Sudipto Guha , Kamesh Munagala

In recent years, applications of data mining methods are become more popular in many fields of medical diagnosis and evaluations. The data mining methods are appropriate tools for discovering and extracting of available knowledge in medical…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2013-12-10 Peyman Mohammadi , Abdolreza Hatamlou , Mohammad Masdari

Ranking models are typically designed to provide rankings that optimize some measure of immediate utility to the users. As a result, they have been unable to anticipate an increasing number of undesirable long-term consequences of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-15 Behzad Tabibian , Vicenç Gómez , Abir De , Bernhard Schölkopf , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez

Random data augmentation is a critical technique to avoid overfitting in training deep neural network models. However, data augmentation and network training are usually treated as two isolated processes, limiting the effectiveness of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-25 Xi Peng , Zhiqiang Tang , Fei Yang , Rogerio Feris , Dimitris Metaxas

Consumption of antimicrobial drugs, such as antibiotics, is linked with antimicrobial resistance. Surveillance of antimicrobial drug consumption is therefore an important element in dealing with antimicrobial resistance. Many countries lack…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Niels Dalum Hansen , Kåre Mølbak , Ingemar Cox , Christina Lioma

The rapid development of tools for acquisition and storage of information has lead to the formation of enormous medical databases. The large quantity of data definitely surpasses the abilities of humans for efficient usage without…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-04-03 Petar Kormushev

In recent decades, traditional drug research and development have been facing challenges such as high cost, long timelines, and high risks. To address these issues, many computational approaches have been suggested for predicting the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-09-13 Chunyan Ao , Zhichao Xiao , Lixin Guan , Liang Yu

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Existing prediction methods rely mainly on chemical similarity, machine learning on structured databases, or isolated target profiles, but often fail to integrate…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-03 David Jackson , Michael Gertz , Jürgen Hesser

Choosing optimal (or at least better) policies is an important problem in domains from medicine to education to finance and many others. One approach to this problem is through controlled experiments/trials - but controlled experiments are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Onur Atan , William R. Zame , M van der Schaar

We consider the optimization of an uncertain objective over continuous and multi-dimensional decision spaces in problems in which we are only provided with observational data. We propose a novel algorithmic framework that is tractable,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-30 Dimitris Bertsimas , Christopher McCord

At DBKDA 2019, we demonstrated that StrongDBMS with simple but rigorous optimistic algorithms, provides better performance in situations of high concurrency than major commercial database management systems (DBMS). The demonstration was…

Databases · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Malcolm Crowe , Fritz Laux