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We introduce orthogonal ring patterns in the 2-sphere and in the hyperbolic plane, consisting of pairs of concentric circles, which generalize circle patterns. We show that their radii are described by a discrete integrable system. This is…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2024-10-14 Alexander I. Bobenko

Multidimensional Consistency becomes more and more important in the theory of discrete integrable systems. Recently, we gave a classification of all 3D consistent 6-tuples of equations with the tetrahedron property, where several novel…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2012-01-06 Raphael Boll

We demonstrate that interesting examples of Lagrangian multiforms appear naturally in the theory of multidimensional dispersionless integrable systems as (a) higher-order conservation laws of linearly degenerate PDEs in 3D, and (b) in the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2025-11-06 Evgeny V. Ferapontov , Mats Vermeeren

We introduce the Euler-Lagrange cohomology to study the symplectic and multisymplectic structures and their preserving properties in finite and infinite dimensional Lagrangian systems respectively. We also explore their certain difference…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-09-06 H. Y. Guo , Y. Q. Li , K. Wu

Numerical methods that preserve geometric invariants of the system, such as energy, momentum or the symplectic form, are called geometric integrators. Variational integrators are an important class of geometric integrators. The general idea…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-04 Leonardo Colombo , Manuela Gamonal Fernández , David Martín de Diego

Several aspects of the connection between conserved integrals (invariants) and symmetries are illustrated within a hybrid Lagrangian-Hamiltonian framework for dynamical systems. Three examples are considered: a nonlinear oscillator with…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Stephen C. Anco

We study in this paper the continuous and discrete Euler-Lagrange equations arising from a quadratic lagrangian. Those equations may be thought as numerical schemes and may be solved through a matrix based framework. When the lagrangian is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-06-28 Philippe Ryckelynck , Laurent Smoch

We discuss a recently proposed variational principle for deriving the variational equations associated to any Lagrangian system. The principle gives simultaneously the Lagrange and the variational equations of the system. We define a new…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 H. N Núñez-Yépez , Joaquín Delgado , A. L. Salas-Brito

We propose a new classical approach for describing a system composed of $n$ interacting particles with variable mass connected by a single field with no predefined form ($n$-VMVF systems). Instead of assuming any particular nature or…

Classical Physics · Physics 2019-03-18 Israel Arial Gonzalez Medina

We consider the variational principle for the Lagrangian 1-form structure for long-range models of Calogero-Moser (CM) type. The multiform variational principle involves variations with respect to both the field variables as well as the…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-10-22 Thanadon Kongkoom , Frank W. Nijhoff , Sikarin Yoo-Kong

Compatible discretizations, such as finite element exterior calculus, provide a discretization framework that respect the cohomological structure of the de Rham complex, which can be used to systematically construct stable mixed finite…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Brian Tran , Melvin Leok

This letter investigates the Lie point symmetries and conserved quantities of the Lagrangian systems on time scales, which unify the Lie symmetries of the two cases for the continuous and the discrete Lagrangian systems. By defining the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-12-12 Cai Ping-Ping , Song-Duan , Fu Jing-Li , Hong Fang-Yu

A variant of the usual Lagrangian scheme is developed which describes both the equations of motion and the variational equations of a system. The required (prolonged) Lagrangian is defined in an extended configuration space comprising both…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-21 C. M. Arizmendi , J. Delgado , H. N. Núñez-Yépez , A. L. Salas-Brito

Systems of ordinary differential equations (or dynamical forms in Lagrangian mechanics), induced by embeddings of smooth fibered manifolds over one-dimensional basis, are considered in the class of variational equations. For a given…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-12-07 Demeter Krupka , Zbyněk Urban , Jana Volná

We propose a novel algorithmic method for constructing invariant variational schemes of systems of ordinary differential equations that are the Euler-Lagrange equations of a variational principle. The method is based on the invariantization…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Alex Bihlo , James Jackaman , Francis Valiquette

This paper develops numerical methods for optimal control of mechanical systems in the Lagrangian setting. It extends the theory of discrete mechanics to enable the solutions of optimal control problems through the discretization of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-04 Fernando Jimenez , Marin Kobilarov , David Martin de Diego

By one of the most fundamental principles in physics, a dynamical system will exhibit those motions which extremise an action functional. This leads to the formation of the Euler-Lagrange equations, which serve as a model of how the system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yana Lishkova , Paul Scherer , Steffen Ridderbusch , Mateja Jamnik , Pietro Liò , Sina Ober-Blöbaum , Christian Offen

Discretizing variational principles, as opposed to discretizing differential equations, leads to discrete-time analogues of mechanics, and, systematically, to geometric numerical integrators. The phase space of such variational…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Charles Cuell , George W. Patrick

We introduce the concept of gauged Lagrangian $1$-forms, extending the notion of Lagrangian $1$-forms to the setting of gauge theories. This general formalism is applied to a natural geometric Lagrangian $1$-form on the cotangent bundle of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Vincent Caudrelier , Derek Harland , Anup Anand Singh , Benoit Vicedo

A Hamiltonian formulation of generic many-particle systems with space-dependent balanced loss and gain coefficients is presented. It is shown that the balancing of loss and gain necessarily occurs in a pair-wise fashion. Further, using a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-08-30 Debdeep Sinha , Pijush K. Ghosh