Related papers: A Hybrid Scheme for Heavy Flavors: Merging the FFN…

We introduce a Hybrid Variable Flavor Number Scheme (H-VFNS) for heavy flavors, which incorporates the advantages of both the traditional Variable Flavor Number Scheme (VFNS) as well as the Fixed Flavor Number Scheme (FFNS). We include an…

At NNLO it is particularly important to have a Variable-Flavour Number Scheme (VFNS) to deal with heavy quarks because there are major problems with both the zero mass variable-flavour number scheme and the fixed-flavour number scheme. I…

We compare `fixed flavor number scheme' (FFNS) and `variable flavor number scheme' (VFNS) parton model predictions at high energy colliders. Based on our recent LO- and NLO-FFNS dynamical parton distributions, we generate radiatively two…

I consider variations in the definition of a General-Mass Variable Flavour Number Scheme (GM-VFNS) for heavy flavour structure functions, both at next-to-leading order (NLO) and at next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO). I also define a new…

The Thorne-Roberts variable flavour number scheme (VFNS) for heavy quarks is presented in detail for the specific case of charged current DIS. As in neutral current DIS this provides a smooth extrapolation from the fixed flavour number…

We consider a detailed account on the construction of the heavy-quark parton distribution functions for charm and bottom, starting from $n_f=3$ light flavors in the fixed-flavor number (FFN) scheme and by using the standard decoupling…

We check the impact of the factorization scheme employed in the calculation of the heavy-quark deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) electro-production on the PDFs determined in the NNLO QCD analysis of the world inclusive neutral-current DIS…

We discuss a variable flavor number scheme (VFNS) for final state jets which can account for the effects of arbitrary finite quark masses in inclusive jet observables. The scheme is a generalization of the VFNS scheme for PDFs applied to…

I consider variations in the definitions, at next-to-leading order (NLO) and at next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO), of a General-Mass Variable Flavour Number Scheme (GM-VFNS) for heavy flavour structure functions. I also define a new…

I review the various methods for taking account of finite quark masses in DIS and related processes. I pay particular attention to the so-called variable flavour number schemes (VFNS) which are designed to extrapolate smoothly from the…

AT HERA heavy quarks may contribute up to 30% of the structure function $F_2$. The introduction of heavy quarks requires an extension of the DGLAP formalism. The effect of using different heavy flavour number schemes, and different…

I present a formulation of a Variable Flavour Number Scheme for heavy quarks that is implemented up to NNLO in the strong coupling constant and may be used in NNLO global fits for parton distributions.

Where appropriate, the abbreviation 'VFNS' is replaced by 'CSN' to indicate the scheme using massive heavy quark coefficient functions proposed in this paper. The text below Eq. (2.13) and between Eqs. (2.33) and (2.36) has been…

We present the matching relations of the variable flavor number scheme at next-to-leading order, which are of importance to define heavy quark partonic distributions for the use at high energy colliders such as Tevatron and the LHC. The…

In order to successfully describe DIS data, one must take heavy quark mass effects into account. This is often achieved using so called variable flavour number schemes, in which a parton distribution for the heavy quark species is defined…

We investigate the impact of displaced heavy quark matching scales in a global fit. The heavy quark matching scale $\mu_{m}$ determines at which energy scale $\mu$ the QCD theory transitions from $N_{F}$ to $N_{F}+1$ in the Variable Flavor…

xFitter is an open-source package that provides a framework for the determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton for many different kinds of analyses in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). It incorporates experimental…

Starting from fixed-order perturbation theory (FOPT) we derive expressions for the heavy-flavour components of the deep-inelastic structure functions FL and F2 in the variable-flavour number scheme (VFNS). These expressions are valid in all…

We present recent progress on the Heavy-Flavor Non-Relativistic Evolution (HF-NRevo) framework, designed to describe leading-power fragmentation of heavy-flavored hadrons at moderate to large transverse momentum. Starting from NLO NRQCD…

We examine the charm component F_{2,c}(x,Q^2,m^2) of the proton structure function F_2(x,Q^2) in three different schemes and compare the results with the data in the x and Q^2 region explored by the HERA experiments. Studied are (1) the…