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The second Fermi-LAT source catalog (2FGL) is the deepest all-sky survey available in the gamma-ray band. It contains 1873 sources, of which 576 remain unassociated. Machine-learning algorithms can be trained on the gamma-ray properties of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-01-29 M. Doert , M. Errando

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is producing the most detailed inventory of the gamma-ray sky to date. Despite tremendous achievements approximately 25% of all Fermi extragalactic sources in the Second Fermi LAT Catalogue (2FGL) are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-12-12 T. Hassan , N. Mirabal , J. L. Contreras , I. Oya

The classifications of Fermi-LAT unassociated sources are studied using multiple machine learning (ML) methods. The update data from 4FGL-DR3 are divided into high Galactic latitude (HGL, Galactic latitude $|b|>10^\circ$) and low Galactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-08 K. R. Zhu , J. M. Chen , Y. G. Zheng , L. Zhang

The Fermi Large Area Telescope First Source Catalog (1FGL) provided spatial, spectral, and temporal properties for a large number of gamma-ray sources using a uniform analysis method. After correlating with the most-complete catalogs of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 LAT Collaboration

In the fourth \emph{Fermi} Large Area Telescope source catalog (4FGL), 5064 $\gamma$-ray sources are reported, including 3207 active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 239 pulsars, 1336 unassociated sources, 92 sources with weak association with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-02-10 Kerui Zhu , Shi-Ju Kang , Yong-Gang Zheng

The Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) First Source Catalog (1FGL) was released in February 2010 and the Fermi-LAT 2-Year Source Catalog (2FGL) appeared in April 2012, based on data from 24 months of operation. Since their releases, many…

Classification of sources is one of the most important tasks in astronomy. Sources detected in one wavelength band, for example using gamma rays, may have several possible associations in other wavebands, or there may be no plausible…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-19 Aakash Bhat , Dmitry Malyshev

Despite the growing number of gamma-ray sources detected by Fermi-LAT, about one third of the sources in each survey remains of uncertain type. We present a new deep neural network approach for the classification of unidentified or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-28 Thorben Finke , Michael Krämer , Silvia Manconi

We apply a number of statistical and machine learning techniques to classify and rank gamma-ray sources from the Third Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) Source Catalog (3FGL), according to their likelihood of falling into the two major…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-23 P. M. Saz Parkinson , H. Xu , P. L. H. Yu , D. Salvetti , M. Marelli , A. D. Falcone

Unassociated Fermi-LAT sources provide a population with discovery potential. We discuss efforts to find new source associations for this population, and summarize the successes to date. We discuss how the measured gamma-ray properties of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2012-06-13 Elizabeth C. Ferrara , Roopesh Ojha , Maria Elena Monzani , Nicola Omodei

For the duration of the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope's mission, approximately one-third of the point sources detected have been noted as "unassociated," meaning that they seem to have no known counterpart at any other…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-08-11 S. Bruzewski , F. K. Schinzel , G. B. Taylor , L. Petrov

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board the \emph{Fermi} Gamma-ray Space Telescope has been continuously providing good quality survey data of the entire sky in the high energy range from 30 MeV to 500 GeV and above since August 2008. A…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-13 A. Pathania , K. K. Singh , S. K. Singh , A. Tolamatti , B. B. Singh , K. K. Yadav

We present a systematic search for spatial association between a high confidence sample of 3,166 morphologically selected galaxy mergers drawn from the initial convolutional neural network (CNN) catalog of 328,151 candidate mergers and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Siddhant Manna , Shantanu Desai

We present the results of an all-sky radio survey between 5 and 9 GHz of the fields surrounding all unassociated gamma-ray objects listed in the Fermi Large Area Telescope Second Source Catalog (2FGL). The goal of these observations is to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-03-12 Frank K. Schinzel , Leonid Petrov , Gregory B. Taylor , Elizabeth K. Mahony , Philip G. Edwards , Yuri Y. Kovalev

The second catalog of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) in two years of scientific operation is presented. The Second LAT AGN Catalog (2LAC) includes 1017 gamma-ray sources located at high…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 LAT Collaboration

The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has been detecting a wealth of sources where the multi-wavelength counterpart is either inconclusive or missing altogether. We present a combination of factors that can be used to identify…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-17 F. Acero , D. Donato , R. Ojha , J. Stevens , P. G. Edwards , E. Ferrara , J. Blanchard , J. E. J. Lovell , D. J. Thompson

The third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) presented the data of the first four years of observations from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. There are 3034 sources, 1010 of which still remain unidentified. Identifying and classifying…

Associating gamma-ray sources to their low-energy counterparts is one of the major challenges of modern gamma-ray astronomy. In the context of the Fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope Source Catalog (4FGL), the associations rely mainly on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-03 Raniere de Menezes , Raffaele D'Abrusco , Francesco Massaro , Dario Gasparrini , Rodrigo Nemmen

During its first 2 years of mission the Fermi-LAT instrument discovered more than 1,800 gamma-ray sources in the 100 MeV to 100 GeV range. Despite the application of advanced techniques to identify and associate the Fermi-LAT sources with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-03-02 David Salvetti

In its first four years of operation, the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detected 3033 $\gamma$-ray emitting sources. In the Fermi-LAT Third Source Catalogue (3FGL) about 50% of the sources have no clear association with a likely…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-07-19 David Salvetti , Graziano Chiaro , Giovanni La Mura , David J. Thompson
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