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The fate of massive cold clumps, their internal structure and collapse need to be characterised to understand the initial conditions for the formation of high-mass stars, stellar systems, and the origin of associations and clusters. We…

We present a systematic single-dish search for molecular outflows toward a sample of 9 candidate low-luminosity protostars and 30 candidate Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs; L_int < 0.1 L_sun). The sources are identified using data from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Kamber R. Schwarz , Yancy L. Shirley , Michael M. Dunham

We found that in regions of high mass star formation the CS emission correlates well with the dust continuum emission and is therefore a good tracer of the total mass while the N$_2$H$^+$ distribution is frequently very different. This is…

We analyze radial velocities for a sample of 31 Class I and flat spectrum protostars in Taurus-Auriga, rho Ophiuchi and Serpens for evidence of the global dynamical state of extremely young stellar populations buried within parental…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Kevin R. Covey , Thomas P. Greene , Greg W. Doppmann , Charles J. Lada

The formation process of massive stars is not well understood, and advancement in our understanding benefits from high resolution observations and modelling of the gas and dust surrounding individual high-mass (proto)stars. Here we report…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-22 J. D. Ilee , C. J. Cyganowski , P. Nazari , T. R. Hunter , C. L. Brogan , D. H. Forgan , Q. Zhang

Two submm/mm sources in the Barnard 1b (B1-b) core, B1-bN and B1-bS, have been studied in dust continuum, H13CO+ J=1-0, CO J=2-1, 13CO J=2-1, and C18O J=2-1. The spectral energy distributions of these sources from the mid-IR to 7 mm are…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Naomi Hirano , Fang-Chun Liu

This work explored the spatial distribution of C$^{17}$O, SiO, HC$_{3}$N and SO$_{2}$ molecules, as well as the energetics of outflows in G358.46$-$0.39 proto-cluster using ALMA band 7 archival data, with the aim of providing an improved…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-20 Chukwuebuka J. Ugwua , James O. Chibuezea , Willice Obonyoa , Mavis Seidu

We describe a systematic program aimed at identifying and characterizing candidate high-mass proto-stellar objects (HMPOs). Our candidate sample consists of 69 objects selected by criteria based on those established by Ramesh & Sridharan…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. K. Sridharan , H. Beuther , P. Schilke , K. M. Menten , F. Wyrowski

We report our SMA observations of the Class \RN{1}-\RN{2} protostar HL Tau in the $^{13}$CO (2--1), C$^{18}$O (2--1), SO(5$_6$--4$_5$), and the 1.3 mm dust-continuum emission and our analyses of the ALMA long baseline data of the HCO$^{+}$…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-13 Chun-Ju Wu , Naomi Hirano , Shigehisa Takakuwa , Hsi-Wei Yen , Yusuke Aso

First hydrostatic cores are predicted by theories of star formation, but their existence has never been demonstrated convincingly by (sub)millimeter observations. Furthermore, the multiplicity at the early phases of the star formation…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Benoît Commerçon , François Levrier , Anaëlle J. Maury , Thomas Henning , Ralf Launhardt

High-mass analogues of low-mass prestellar cores are searched for to constrain the models of high-mass star formation. Several high-mass cores, at various evolutionary stages, have been recently identified towards the massive star-forming…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-06-26 J. Molet , N. Brouillet , T. Nony , A. Gusdorf , F. Motte , D. Despois , F. Louvet , S. Bontemps , F. Herpin

Theoretically, misalignment between the magnetic field and rotational axis in a dense core is considered to be dynamically important in the star formation process, however, extent of this influence remains observationally unclear. For a…

Filamentary structures are closely associated with star-forming cores, but their detailed physical connections are still not clear. We studied the dense gas in the region of OMC-3 MMS-7 in Orion A molecular cloud using the molecular lines…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-07 Zhiyuan Ren , Lei Zhu , Hui Shi , Nannan Yue , Di Li , Qizhou Zhang , Diego Mardones , Jingwen Wu , Sihan Jiao , Shu Liu , Gan Luo , Jinjin Xie , Chao Zhang , Xuefang Xu

We use CARMA 3mm continuum and molecular lines (NH2D, N2H+, HCO+, HCN and CS) at ~1000 au resolution to characterize the structure and kinematics of the envelope surrounding the deeply embedded first core candidate Per-Bolo 58. The line…

On the basis of various data such as ALMA, JVLA, Chandra, {\it Herschel}, and {\it Spitzer}, we confirmed that two protostellar candidates in Oph-A are bona fide protostars or proto-brown dwarfs (proto-BDs) in extremely early evolutionary…

We present a gas kinematic study of the massive protocluster G318.049+00.086. The protocluster is reported to contain 12 prestellar core candidates and 4 protostellar cores. Filamentary structures are identified using the 1.3 mm dust…

This work presents a detailed study of the gas kinematics towards the "Hot Molecular Core" (HMC) G31.41+0.31 via multi-epoch VLBI observations of the H2O 22 GHz and CH3OH 6.7 GHz masers, and single-epoch VLBI of the OH 1.6 GHz masers. Water…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Luca Moscadelli , Jing Jing Li , Riccardo Cesaroni , Alberto Sanna , Ye Xu , Qizhou Zhang

The rotational properties of centrally condensed, turbulent molecular cloud cores with velocity fields that are characterized by Gaussian random fields are investigated. It is shown that the observed line width-size relationship can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Andreas Burkert , Peter Bodenheimer

We present Submillimeter Array observations, in the 1.3 mm continuum and the CH_3CN(12-11) line of 17 hot molecular cores associated with young high-mass stars. The angular resolution of the observations ranges from 1".0 to 4".0. The…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Vicente Hernández-Hernández , Luis Zapata , Stan Kurtz , Guido Garay