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This paper settles the computational complexity of model checking of several extensions of the monadic second order (MSO) logic on two classes of graphs: graphs of bounded treewidth and graphs of bounded neighborhood diversity. A classical…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Dušan Knop , Martin Koutecký , Tomáš Masařík , Tomáš Toufar

Algorithmic meta-theorems provide an important tool for showing tractability of graph problems on graph classes defined by structural restrictions. While such results are well established for static graphs, corresponding frameworks for…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Michelle Döring , Jessica Enright , Laura Larios-Jones , George Skretas

The focus of this paper is two fold. Firstly, we present a logical approach to graph modification problems such as minimum node deletion, edge deletion, edge augmentation problems by expressing them as an expression in first order (FO)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-11-09 Kona Harshita , Sounaka Mishra , Renjith. P , N. Sadagopan

One of Courcelle's celebrated results states that if C is a class of graphs of bounded tree-width, then model-checking for monadic second order logic (MSO_2) is fixed-parameter tractable (fpt) on C by linear time parameterized algorithms,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Stephan Kreutzer

Tractability results for the model checking problem of logics yield powerful algorithmic meta theorems of the form: Every computational problem expressible in a logic $L$ can be solved efficiently on every class $\mathscr{C}$ of structures…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Sebastian Siebertz , Alexandre Vigny

We study on which classes of graphs first-order logic (FO) and monadic second-order logic (MSO) have the same expressive power. We show that for all classes C of graphs that are closed under taking subgraphs, FO and MSO have the same…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Michael Elberfeld , Martin Grohe , Till Tantau

One of Courcelle's celebrated results states that if C is a class of graphs of bounded tree-width, then model-checking for monadic second order logic is fixed-parameter tractable on C by linear time parameterised algorithms. An immediate…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2009-04-09 Stephan Kreutzer

Possibly the most famous algorithmic meta-theorem is Courcelle's theorem, which states that all MSO-expressible graph properties are decidable in linear time for graphs of bounded treewidth. Unfortunately, the running time's dependence on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-11-05 Michael Lampis

Monadic second order logic (MSO2) plays an important role in parameterized complexity due to the Courcelle's theorem. This theorem states that the problem of checking if a given graph has a property specified by a given MSO2 formula can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Petr Kučera , Petr Martinek

We establish that every monadic second-order logic (MSO) formula on graphs with bounded treedepth is decidable in a constant number of rounds within the CONGEST model. To our knowledge, this marks the first meta-theorem regarding…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Fedor V. Fomin , Pierre Fraigniaud , Pedro Montealegre , Ivan Rapaport , Ioan Todinca

Let CMSO denote the counting monadic second order logic of graphs. We give a constructive proof that for some computable function $f$, there is an algorithm $\mathfrak{A}$ that takes as input a CMSO sentence $\varphi$, a positive integer…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Mateus de Oliveira Oliveira

Meta-kernelization theorems are general results that provide polynomial kernels for large classes of parameterized problems. The known meta-kernelization theorems, in particular the results of Bodlaender et al. (FOCS'09) and of Fomin et al.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-22 Robert Ganian , Friedrich Slivovsky , Stefan Szeider

Solution discovery asks whether a given (infeasible) starting configuration to a problem can be transformed into a feasible solution using a limited number of transformation steps. This paper investigates meta-theorems for solution…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Nicolas Bousquet , Amer E. Mouawad , Stephanie Maaz , Naomi Nishimura , Sebastian Siebertz

Vertex Integrity is a graph measure which sits squarely between two more well-studied notions, namely vertex cover and tree-depth, and that has recently gained attention as a structural graph parameter. In this paper we investigate the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Michael Lampis , Valia Mitsou

Within the model-theoretic framework for supervised learning introduced by Grohe and Tur\'an (TOCS 2004), we study the parameterized complexity of learning concepts definable in monadic second-order logic (MSO). We show that the problem of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Steffen van Bergerem , Martin Grohe , Nina Runde

We consider the max-cut and max-$k$-cut problems under graph-based constraints. Our approach can handle any constraint specified using monadic second-order (MSO) logic on graphs of constant treewidth. We give a $\frac{1}{2}$-approximation…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Martin Koutecký , Jon Lee , Viswanath Nagarajan , Xiangkun Shen

We consider a monotone submodular maximization problem whose constraint is described by a logic formula on a graph. Formally, we prove the following three `algorithmic metatheorems.' (1) If the constraint is specified by a monadic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-07-13 Masakazu Ishihata , Takanori Maehara , Tomas Rigaux

Given a Counting Monadic Second Order (CMSO) sentence $\psi$, the CMSO$[\psi]$ problem is defined as follows. The input to CMSO$[\psi]$ is a graph $G$, and the objective is to determine whether $G\models \psi$. Our main theorem states that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Daniel Lokshtanov , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh , Meirav Zehavi

Bounded treewidth and Monadic Second Order (MSO) logic have proved to be key concepts in establishing fixed-parameter tractability results. Indeed, by Courcelle's Theorem we know: Any property of finite structures, which is expressible by…

Databases · Computer Science 2008-09-19 Georg Gottlob , Reinhard Pichler , Fang Wei

Courcelle's famous theorem from 1990 states that any property of graphs definable in monadic second-order logic (MSO) can be decided in linear time on any class of graphs of bounded treewidth, or in other words, MSO is fixed-parameter…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Stephan Kreutzer , Siamak Tazari
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