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Electromagnetic vector potential has physical significance in quantum mechanics as revealed by the Aharonov-Bohm effect for charged particles. However, till date it is thought that we cannot measure the vector potential directly as this is…
The electric fields near the heterogeneous metal/dielectric surface of an atom chip were measured using cold atoms. The atomic sensitivity to electric fields was enhanced by exciting the atoms to Rydberg states that are 10^8 times more…
We present a theory for the estimation of a scalar or a vector magnetic field by its influence on an ensemble of trapped spin polarized atoms. The atoms interact off-resonantly with a continuous laser field, and the measurement of the…
We give an example of a geometry in which the electrostatic force between a point charge and a neutral metallic object is repulsive. The example consists of a point charge centered above a thin metallic hemisphere, positioned concave up. We…
The effect of external static charging of graphene and its flakes are investigated by using first-principles calculations. While the Fermi level of negatively charged graphene rises and then is quickly pinned by the parabolic, nearly free…
In Penning traps electromagnetic forces are used to confine charged particles under well-controlled conditions for virtually unlimited time. Sensitive detection methods have been developed to allow observation of single stored ions. Various…
We measure the conductivity of neutral fermions in a cubic optical lattice. Using in-situ fluorescence microscopy, we observe the alternating current resultant from a single-frequency uniform force applied by displacement of a weak harmonic…
Two main approaches in particle-based simulations for modeling a charged surface are using explicit, discrete charges and continuum, uniform charges. It is well-known that these two approaches could lead to substantially distinct ionic…
Does gravity care about electric charge? Precision tests of the weak equivalence principle achieve remarkable sensitivity but deliberately minimize electric charge on test masses, leaving this fundamental question experimentally open. We…
We show that Bloch oscillations of ultracold fermionic atoms in the periodic potential of an optical lattice can be used for a sensitive measurement of forces at the micrometer length scale, e.g. in the vicinity of dielectric surface. In…
We propose a potentially practical scheme to precisely measure the charge numbers of small charged objects by optomechanical systems using optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT). In contrast to the conventional measurements based on…
Recently, we observed a clear dependence of the nuclear caloric curve on neutron-proton asymmetry $\frac{N-Z}{A}$ through examination of fully reconstructed equilibrated quasi-projectile sources produced in heavy ion collisions at E/A = 35…
Surface charging is a phenomenon ubiquitously observable in in-situ transmission electron microscopy of non-conducting specimens as a result of electron beam/sample interactions or optical stimuli and often limits the achievable image…
Light Polarization has many technological applications and its discovery was crucial to reveal the transverse nature of the electromagnetic waves. However, despite its fundamental and practical importance, in high school this property of…
Diffraction of atoms from surfaces provides detailed insights into structures, interactions, and dynamical processes. However, currently the method is limited to measurements in reflection - diffraction through materials has only been…
The theory of disordered elastic systems is one of the most powerful frameworks to assess the physics of multiple systems that span from ferromagnets to migrating biological cells. In this formalism, one assumes that the system can be…
The noise of a device under test (DUT) is measured simultaneously with two instruments, each of which contributes its own background. The average cross power spectral density converges to the DUT power spectral density. This method enables…
The recent development of arrays of quantum dots in semiconductor nanostructures highlights the progress of quantum devices toward large scale. However, how to realize such arrays on a scalable platform such as silicon is still an open…
Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are widely used in astronomy to carry out a variety of measurements, such as for flux or shape of astrophysical objects. The data reduction procedures almost always assume that ther esponse of a given pixel to…
Gravitational lensing is a powerful tool to detect compact matter on very different mass scales. Of particular importance is the fact that lensing is sensitive to both luminous and dark matter alike. Depending on the mass scale, all lensing…