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Digital watermarking is the process of embedding secret information by altering images in an undetectable way to the human eye. To increase the robustness of the model, many deep learning-based watermarking methods use the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Sijing Xie , Chengxin Zhao , Nan Sun , Wei Li , Hefei Ling

Watermarking is the process of embedding information into an image that can survive under distortions, while requiring the encoded image to have little or no perceptual difference from the original image. Recently, deep learning-based…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Xiyang Luo , Ruohan Zhan , Huiwen Chang , Feng Yang , Peyman Milanfar

The frequent exchange of multimedia information in the present era projects an increasing demand for copyright protection. In this work, we propose a novel audio zero-watermarking technology based on graph Fourier transform for enhancing…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Longting Xu , Daiyu Huang , Syed Faham Ali Zaidi , Abdul Rauf , Rohan Kumar Das

Language models now routinely produce text that is difficult to distinguish from human writing, raising the need for robust tools to verify content provenance. Watermarking has emerged as a promising countermeasure, with existing work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Huijia Lin , Kameron Shahabi , Min Jae Song

The rapid growth of digital and AI-generated images has amplified the need for secure and verifiable methods of image attribution. While digital watermarking offers more robust protection than metadata-based approaches--which can be easily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Tong Zhou , Ruyi Ding , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Ramana Rao Kompella , Yunsi Fei , Xiaolin Xu , Shaolei Ren

Visible watermarks pose significant challenges for image restoration techniques, especially when the target background is unknown. Toward this end, we present MorphoMod, a novel method for automated visible watermark removal that operates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Preston K. Robinette , Taylor T. Johnson

Digital holography (DH) has been widely used for imaging and characterization of micro and nanostructures in materials science and biology and has the potential to provide high-resolution, non-destructive measurements of fluid surfaces as…

The ability to embed watermarks in images is a fundamental problem of interest for computer vision, and is exacerbated by the rapid rise of generated imagery in recent times. Current state-of-the-art techniques suffer from computational and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-17 Vinay Shukla , Prachee Sharma , Ryan Rossi , Sungchul Kim , Tong Yu , Aditya Grover

We introduce models and algorithmic foundations for graph watermarking. Our frameworks include security definitions and proofs, as well as characterizations when graph watermarking is algorithmically feasible, in spite of the fact that the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2016-06-01 David Eppstein , Michael T. Goodrich , Jenny Lam , Nil Mamano , Michael Mitzenmacher , Manuel Torres

Integrated healthcare systems require the transmission of medical images between medical centers. The presence of watermarks in such images has become important for patient privacy protection. However, some important issues should be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Ahmed Nagm , Mohammed Safy

In this paper, we propose a novel DNN watermarking method that utilizes a learnable image transformation method with a secret key. The proposed method embeds a watermark pattern in a model by using learnable transformed images and allows us…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-12 MaungMaung AprilPyone , Hitoshi Kiya

Embedding watermarks into the output of generative models is essential for establishing copyright and verifiable ownership over the generated content. Emerging diffusion model watermarking methods either embed watermarks in the frequency…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Yunzhuo Chen , Jordan Vice , Naveed Akhtar , Nur Al Hasan Haldar , Ajmal Mian

Watermarking embeds information into digital content like images, audio, or text, imperceptible to humans but robustly detectable by specific algorithms. This technology has important applications in many challenges of the industry such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pierre Fernandez

Digital watermarking methods are commonly used to safeguard digital media copyrights by confirming ownership and deterring unauthorized use. However, without reliable third-party oversight, these methods risk security vulnerabilities during…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Xiaolong Xue , Guangyong Shang , Zhen Ma , Minghui Xu , Hechuan Guo , Kun Li , Xiuzhen Cheng

Digital watermarking is essential for securing generated images from diffusion models. Accurate watermark evaluation is critical for algorithm development, yet existing methods have significant limitations: they lack a unified framework for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zijin Yang , Yu Sun , Kejiang Chen , Jiawei Zhao , Jun Jiang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Imperceptible digital watermarking is important in copyright protection, misinformation prevention, and responsible generative AI. We propose TrustMark - a GAN-based watermarking method with novel design in architecture and spatio-spectra…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Tu Bui , Shruti Agarwal , John Collomosse

Watermark text spotting in document images can offer access to an often unexplored source of information, providing crucial evidence about a record's scope, audience and sometimes even authenticity. Stemming from the problem of text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Mateusz Krubiński , Stefan Matcovici , Diana Grigore , Daniel Voinea , Alin-Ionut Popa

This paper presents a comprehensive survey on deep learning-based image watermarking, a technique that entails the invisible embedding and extraction of watermarks within a cover image, aiming to offer a seamless blend of robustness and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Xin Zhong , Arjon Das , Fahad Alrasheedi , Abdullah Tanvir

Watermarking plays a key role in the provenance and detection of AI-generated content. While existing methods prioritize robustness against real-world distortions (e.g., JPEG compression and noise addition), we reveal a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhongjie Ba , Yitao Zhang , Peng Cheng , Bin Gong , Xinyu Zhang , Qinglong Wang , Kui Ren

Hybrid paper interfaces leverage augmented reality to combine the desired tangibility of paper documents with the affordances of interactive digital media. Typically, virtual content can be embedded through direct links (e.g., QR codes);…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Martin Feick , Xuxin Tang , Raul Garcia-Martin , Alexandru Luchianov , Roderick Wei Xiao Huang , Chang Xiao , Alexa Siu , Mustafa Doga Dogan