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We consider a quantum system driven out of equilibrium via a small Hamiltonian perturbation. Building on the paradigmatic framework of linear response theory (LRT), we derive an expression for the full generating function of the dissipated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Giacomo Guarnieri , Jens Eisert , Harry J. D. Miller

We derive general bounds on the linear response energy absorption rates of periodically driven many-body systems of spins or fermions on a lattice. We show that for systems with local interactions, energy absorption rate decays…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-23 Dmitry Abanin , Wojciech De Roeck , François Huveneers

Changing some of its parameters over time is a paradigmatic way of driving an otherwise isolated many-body quantum system out of equilibrium, and a vital ingredient for building quantum computers and simulators. Here, we further develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-06 Lennart Dabelow , Peter Reimann

The widely used linear-response (LR) theory of thermal conduction in the quantum regime rests on the yet unproven assumption, that the thermal conductivity is invariant with respect to the gauge of the energy density of the system. This…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-10-14 Axel Hübner , Santiago Rigamonti , Claudia Draxl

The question of how systems respond to perturbations is ubiquitous in physics. Predicting this response for large classes of systems becomes particularly challenging if many degrees of freedom are involved and linear response theory cannot…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-01-10 Lennart Dabelow , Peter Reimann

Consider a time-dependent Hamiltonian $H(Q,P;x(t))$ with periodic driving $x(t)=A\sin(\Omega t)$. It is assumed that the classical dynamics is chaotic, and that its power-spectrum extends over some frequency range $|\omega|<\omega_{cl}$.…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Doron Cohen , Tsampikos Kottos

Long-range interacting systems such as nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond and trapped ions serve as useful experimental setups to probe a range of nonequilibrium many-body phenomena. In particular, via driving, various effective…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2018-05-16 Wen Wei Ho , Ivan Protopopov , Dmitry A. Abanin

Geoengineering can control only some climatic variables but not others, resulting in side-effects. We investigate in an intermediate-complexity climate model the applicability of linear response theory (LRT) to the assessment of a…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-11-16 Tamas Bodai , Valerio Lucarini , Frank Lunkeit

The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) and the theory of linear response (LRT) are celebrated cornerstones of our understanding of the physics of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium. While the ETH provides a generic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-05-29 Jonas Richter , Jochen Gemmer , Robin Steinigeweg

Linear response theory lies at the heart of quantum many-body physics because it builds up connections between the dynamical response to an external probe and correlation functions at equilibrium. Here we consider the dynamical response of…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2020-07-08 Lei Pan , Xin Chen , Yu Chen , Hui Zhai

Linear Response theory aims to predict how added forcing alters the statistical properties of an unforced system. These kinds of questions have been studied predominantly for autonomous dynamical systems, yet many systems in the physical,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Stefano Galatolo , Valerio Lucarini

Linear response theory (LRT) is one of the main approaches to the dynamics of quantum many-body systems. However, this approach has limitations and requires, e.g., that the initial state is (i) mixed and (ii) close to equilibrium. In this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-01-15 Jonas Richter , Robin Steinigeweg

Linear response theory serves as a fundamental tool in the study of quantum transport, extensively employed to elucidate fundamental mechanisms related to the nature of the particles involved and the underlying symmetries. This framework…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Gu Zhang , Igor Gornyi , Yuval Gefen

We discuss the calculation of the linear conductance through a Coulomb-blockade quantum dot in the presence of interactions beyond the charging energy. In the limit where the temperature is large compared with a typical tunneling width, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Y. Alhassid , T. Rupp , A. Kaminski , L. I. Glazman

Linear response theory (LRT) is a key tool in investigating the quantum matter, for quantum systems perturbed by a weak probe, it connects the dynamics of experimental observable with the correlation function of unprobed equilibrium states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 Yuan-Sheng Wang , Teng Ma , Man-Hong Yung

Modelling the electrical response of multi-level quantum systems at finite frequency has been typically performed in the context of two incomplete paradigms: (i) input-output theory, which is valid at any frequency but neglects dynamic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 L. Peri , M. Benito , C. J. B. Ford , M. F. Gonzalez-Zalba

The classical Lorentz reciprocal theorem (LRT) was originally derived for slow viscous flows of incompressible Newtonian fluids under the isothermal condition. In the present work, we extend the LRT from simple to complex fluids with open…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-09-04 Xinpeng Xu , Tiezheng Qian

The response of a nonlinear stochastic system driven by an external sinusoidal time dependent force is studied by a variety of numerical and analytical approximations. The validity of linear response theory is put to a critical test by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. Casado-Pascual , J. Gómez-Ordóñez , M. Morillo , P. Hänggi

We extend Kubo's Linear Response Theory (LRT) to periodic input signals with arbitrary shapes and obtain exact analytical formulas for the energy dissipated by the system for a variety of signals. These include the square and sawtooth…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-08-21 Gabriel T. Landi , Mario J. de Oliveira

We study how local equilibrium, and linear response predictions of transport coefficients are violated as systems move far from equilibrium. This is done by studying heat flow in classical lattice models with and without bulk transport…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kenichiro Aoki , Dimitri Kusnezov
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