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This article is a short introduction to and review of the cluster-state model of quantum computation, in which coherent quantum information processing is accomplished via a sequence of single-qubit measurements applied to a fixed quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Michael A. Nielsen

Several physical architectures allow for measurement-based quantum computing using sequential preparation of cluster states by means of probabilistic quantum gates. In such an approach, the order in which partial resources are combined to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 K. Kieling , D. Gross , J. Eisert

Modern distributed systems rely on consensus protocols to build a fault-tolerant-core upon which they can build applications. Consensus protocols are correct under a specific failure model, where up to $f$ machines can fail. We argue that…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Reginald Frank , Soujanya Ponnapalli , Octavio Lomeli , Neil Giridharan , Marcos K Aguilera , Natacha Crooks

In this paper, we i) analyze and classify real-world failures of Kubernetes (the most popular container orchestration system), ii) develop a framework to perform a fault/error injection campaign targeting the data store preserving the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Marco Barletta , Marcello Cinque , Catello Di Martino , Zbigniew T. Kalbarczyk , Ravishankar K. Iyer

It is conjectured that quantum computers are able to solve certain problems more quickly than any deterministic or probabilistic computer. A quantum computer exploits the rules of quantum mechanics to speed up computations. However, it is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-08-15 Salah A. Aly

Quantum computing hardware has grown sufficiently complex that it often can no longer be simulated by classical computers, but its computational power remains limited by errors. These errors corrupt the results of quantum algorithms, and it…

Typically, fault-tolerant operations and code concatenation are reserved for quantum error correction due to their resource overhead. Here, we show that fault tolerant operations have a large impact on the performance of symmetry based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Alvin Gonzales , Anjala M Babu , Ji Liu , Zain Saleem , Mark Byrd

Using fault-tolerant constructions, computations performed with unreliable components can simulate their noiseless counterparts though the introduction of a modest amount of redundancy. Given the modest overhead required to achieve…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Andrew K. Tan , Isaac L. Chuang

Quantum computers will require encoding of quantum information to protect them from noise. Fault-tolerant quantum computing architectures illustrate how this might be done but have not yet shown a conclusive practical advantage. Here we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-01 Robin Harper , Steven T. Flammia

We present a comprehensive analysis of fidelity decay and error accumulation in faulty quantum circuit models. Our work devises an analytical bound for the average fidelity between desired and faulty output states, accounting for errors…

A key challenge in fault-tolerant quantum computing is synthesising and optimising circuits in a noisy environment, as traditional techniques often fail to account for the effect of noise on circuits. In this work, we propose and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-02 Benjamin Rodatz , Boldizsár Poór , Aleks Kissinger

Proving threshold theorems for fault-tolerant quantum computation is a burdensome endeavor with many moving parts that come together in relatively formulaic but lengthy ways. It is difficult and rare to combine elements from multiple papers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Zhiyang He , Quynh T. Nguyen , Christopher A. Pattison

We study analytically and numerically the effects of various imperfections in a quantum computation of a simple dynamical model based on the Quantum Wavelet Transform (QWT). The results for fidelity timescales, obtained for a large range of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Marcello Terraneo , Dima L. Shepelyansky

As far as we know, a useful quantum computer will require fault-tolerant gates, and existing schemes demand a prohibitively large space and time overhead. We argue that a first generation quantum computer will be very valuable to design,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Pavithran S. Iyer , David Poulin

Automated driving functions at high levels of autonomy operate without driver supervision. The system itself must provide suitable responses in case of hardware element failures. This requires fault-tolerant approaches using domain ECUs and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Tim Maurice Julitz , Antoine Tordeux , Manuel Löwer

Fault-tolerant complexes describe surface-code fault-tolerant protocols from a single geometric object. We first introduce fusion complexes that define a general family of fusion-based quantum computing (FBQC) fault-tolerant quantum…

A two-dimensional quantum system with anyonic excitations can be considered as a quantum computer. Unitary transformations can be performed by moving the excitations around each other. Measurements can be performed by joining excitations in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 A. Yu. Kitaev

Many appplications in computational science are sufficiently compute-intensive that they depend on the power of parallel computing for viability. For all but the "embarrassingly parallel" problems, the performance depends upon the level of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-09-29 Z. Sroczynski , N. Eicker , Th. Lippert , B. Orth , K. Schilling

I describe a procedure for calculating thresholds for quantum computation as a function of error model given the availability of ancillae prepared in logical states with independent, identically distributed errors. The thresholds are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-16 Bryan Eastin

Recently, it was realized that use of the properties of quantum mechanics might speed up certain computations dramatically. Interest in quantum computation has since been growing. One of the main difficulties of realizing quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Peter W. Shor