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Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a linear dimensionality technique for nonnegative data with applications such as image analysis, text mining, audio source separation and hyperspectral unmixing. Given a data matrix $M$ and a…
The internal dynamics of the Sun generate magnetic and plasma structures in the photosphere and overlying atmosphere across a wide range of spatial scales. Identifying the critical spatial scale is essential for interpreting physical…
Calcium imaging has revolutionized systems neuroscience, providing the ability to image large neural populations with single-cell resolution. The resulting datasets are quite large, which has presented a barrier to routine open sharing of…
Determination of solar magnetic fields with a spatial resolution set by the diffraction limit of a telescope is difficult because the time required to measure the Stokes vector with sufficient signal-to-noise is long compared to the solar…
Calculations of reaction rates for the third-order QED process of photon splitting in strong magnetic fields traditionally have employed either the effective Lagrangian method or variants of Schwinger's proper-time technique. Recently,…
Early magnetographic observations indicated that magnetic field in the solar photosphere has unresolved small-scale structure. Near-infrared and optical data with extremely high spatial resolution show that these structures have scales of…
Predicting measurement outcomes from an underlying structure often follows directly from fundamental physical principles. However, a fundamental challenge is posed when trying to solve the inverse problem of inferring the underlying…
The meshless/meshfree radial basis function (RBF) method is a powerful technique for interpolating scattered data. But, solving large RBF interpolation problems without fast summation methods is computationally expensive. For RBF…
Modern optical nano-elements pursue ever-smaller sizes and individualized functionalities. Those elements that can efficiently manipulate the magnetic field of light boast promising future applications with a great challenge: the magnetic…
Considering the use of Fully Connected (FC) layer limits the performance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), this paper develops a method to improve the coupling between the convolution layer and the FC layer by reducing the noise in…
The solar atmosphere being magnetic in nature, the understanding of the structure and evolution of the magnetic field in different regions of the solar atmosphere has been an important task over the past decades. This task has been made…
Magnetic nano-objects possess great potential for more efficient data processing, storage and neuromorphic type of applications. Using high perpendicular magnetic anisotropy synthetic antiferromagnets in the form of multilayer-based…
The magnetic diagnostics subsystem of the LISA Technology Package (LTP) on board the LISA PathFinder (LPF) spacecraft includes a set of four tri-axial fluxgate magnetometers, intended to measure with high precision the magnetic field at…
Diamond-based magnetic field sensors have attracted great interest in recent years. In particular, wide-field magnetic imaging using nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond has been previously demonstrated in condensed matter, biological,…
The polarization decomposition of arbitrary binary-input memoryless channels (BMCs) is studied in this work. By introducing the polarization factor (PF), defined in terms of the conditional entropy of the channel output under various input…
We present a novel method to provide efficient and highly detailed reconstructions. Inspired by wavelets, we learn a neural field that decompose the signal both spatially and frequency-wise. We follow the recent grid-based paradigm for…
Infinitesimal electric and magnetic dipoles are widely used as an equivalent radiating source model. In this paper, an improved method for dipole extraction from magnitude-only electromagnetic-field data based on genetic algorithm and…
Far-field optical imaging inevitably involves low-pass spatial filtering, limiting the resolution. Moreover, conventional imaging suppresses high spatial frequency components close to the cutoff, making them invisible under noise,…
Magnetic force microscopy (MFM) is a well-established technique in scanning probe microscopy that allows for the imaging of magnetic samples with a spatial resolution of tens of nm and stray fields down to the mT range. The spatial…
Hardware based image processing offers speed and convenience not found in software-centric approaches. Here, we show theoretically that a two-dimensional periodic array of dipole-coupled elliptical nanomagnets, delineated on a piezoelectric…