Related papers: Remarks on the statistical aspects of the safety a…
Alerting experience with a well-acknowledged safety analysis code initiated the authors to pay attention to safety issues of complex systems. Their first concern was the statistical characteristics of such a code. We point out a remarkable…
We analyze safety problems of complex systems using the methods of mathematical statistics for testing the output variables of a code simulating the operation of the system under consideration when the input variables are uncertain. We have…
A prediction interval covers a future observation from a random process in repeated sampling, and is typically constructed by identifying a pivotal quantity that is also an ancillary statistic. Analogously, a tolerance interval covers a…
Iterative numerical algorithms are typically equipped with a stopping criterion, where the iteration process is terminated when some error or misfit measure is deemed to be below a given tolerance. This is a useful setting for comparing…
In nonclinical pharmaceutical development, tolerance intervals are critical in ensuring product and process quality. They are statistical intervals designed to contain a specified proportion of the population with a given confidence level.…
A statistical approach based on the interval analysis (IA) is proposed for the analysis of the effects, on the radiation patterns radiated by phased arrays, of random errors and tolerances in the amplitudes and phases of the array-elements…
There has been a significant increase in the development of data-driven safety analytics approaches in recent years. In light of these advances it has become imperative to evaluate such approaches in a principled way to determine their…
Pretrial risk assessment tools are used on over one million U.S. defendants each year, yet their use for predicting rare violent re-offense faces a basic statistical barrier. We derive a universal precision bound -- the Likelihood Ratio…
Two new test statistics are introduced to test the null hypotheses that the sampling distribution has an increasing hazard rate on a specified interval [0,a]. These statistics are empirical L_1-type distances between the isotonic estimates,…
A key trait of stochastic optimizers is that multiple runs of the same optimizer in attempting to solve the same problem can produce different results. As a result, their performance is evaluated over several repeats, or runs, on the…
This essay looks at decision-making with interval-valued probability measures. Existing decision methods have either supplemented expected utility methods with additional criteria of optimality, or have attempted to supplement the…
In a randomised clinical trial, when the result of the primary endpoint shows a significant benefit, the secondary endpoints are scrutinised to identify additional effects of the treatment. However, this approach entails a risk of…
The robust Poisson method is becoming increasingly popular when estimating the association of exposures with a binary outcome. Unlike the logistic regression model, the robust Poisson method yields results that can be interpreted as risk or…
In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic approach to risk assessment of robot systems by focusing on the impact of uncertainties. While various approaches to identifying systematic hazards (e.g., bugs, design flaws, etc.) can be found in…
Fault tolerance is a key factor of industrial computing systems design. But in practical terms, these systems, like every commercial product, are under great financial constraints and they have to remain in operational state as long as…
Data-driven risk analysis involves the inference of probability distributions from measured or simulated data. In the case of a highly reliable system, such as the electricity grid, the amount of relevant data is often exceedingly limited,…
Sequential inspection is a technique employed to monitor product quality during the production process. For smaller batch sizes, the Acceptable Quality Limit(AQL) inspection theory is typically applied, whereas for larger batch sizes, the…
Recently the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) has received a mandate for 'the development of common safety methods for assessing the safety level and the safety performance of railway operators at national and Union level'.…
The tolerancing step has a great importance in the design process. It characterises the relationship between the different sectors of the product life cycle: Design, Manufacturing and Control. We can distinguish several methods to assist…
In multiple testing scenarios, typically the sign of a parameter is inferred when its estimate exceeds some significance threshold in absolute value. Typically, the significance threshold is chosen to control the experimentwise type I error…