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The applications of spin-based quantum sensors to measurements probing fundamental physics are surveyed. Experimental methods and technologies developed for quantum information science have rapidly advanced in recent years, and these tools…
Using the same method as that used in $e^+e^-$ annihilation and lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering, we calculate the spin alignment of vector mesons with high transverse momenta in high energy $pp$ collisions with one longitudinally…
Polarized quarks and antiquarks in high-energy heavy-ion collisions can lead to the spin alignment of vector mesons formed by quark coalescence. Using the relativistic spin Boltzmann equation for vector mesons derived from Kadanoff-Baym…
The internal structure of a composite fermion is investigated for a two dimensional parabolic quantum dot containing three electrons. A Yukawa screened Coulomb interaction is assumed, which allows us to discuss the evolution of the…
We obtain novel constraints on new scalar fields interacting with Standard Model fermions through Lorentz-violating couplings, bridging searches for scalar particles and Lorentz-symmetry tests. These constraints arise from torsion-balance…
A pedagogical summary of current and past experimental results of spin-dependent nucleon structure prior to the arrival of the Electron-Ion Collider is attempted. After an introduction, results from fixed-target experiments at SLAC,…
Transport and thermodynamic properties of disordered conductors are considerably modified when the angle through which the electron spin precesses due to spin-orbit interaction (SOI) during the mean free time becomes significant. Cooperon…
If dark matter interacts with nuclei or electrons, then elastic collisions with constituents of stars will cause some of the galactic dark matter to fall below the escape velocity and become gravitationally bound. For asymmetric dark matter…
Searches for the axion and axionlike particles may hold the key to unlocking some of the deepest puzzles about our universe, such as dark matter and dark energy. Here we use the recently demonstrated spin-based amplifier to constrain such…
Electron-electron interactions are intrinsically long ranged, but many models of strongly interacting electrons only take short-ranged interactions into account. Here, we present results of atomistic calculations including both long-ranged…
Some of the best bounds on possible Lorentz violation in the electron sector come from observations of high-energy astrophysical phenomena. Using measurements of TeV inverse Compton radiation from a number of sources, we place the first…
Detectors with low thresholds for electron recoil open a new window to direct searches of sub-GeV dark matter (DM) candidates. In the past decade, many strong limits on DM-electron interactions have been set, but most on the one which is…
Cross sections for the interactions of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos with nucleons are evaluated in light of new information about nucleon structure functions. For $10^{20}$--eV neutrinos, the cross section is about 2.4 times previous…
Spin correlations in an interacting electron liquid are studied in the high-frequency limit and in both two and three dimensions. The third-moment sum rule is evaluated and used to derive exact limiting forms (at both long- and…
We calculate the proton and neutron spin contributions for nuclei using semi-empirical methods, as well as a novel hybrid \emph{ab initio}/semi-empirical method, for interpretation of experimental data. We demonstrate that core-polarisation…
We solve a two-body problem for electrons in a one-dimensional system to show that two-electron bound states can arise as a result of the image-potential-induced spin-orbit interaction (iSOI). The iSOI contributes an attractive component to…
In this paper a microscopic theory of spin fluctuations in an ensemble of electrons localized on donors in a bulk semiconductor has been developed. Both the hyperfine interaction of the electron spin with spins of lattice nuclei and the…
We consider the potential detection of chameleons using bouncing ultracold neutrons. We show that the presence of a chameleon field over a planar plate would alter the energy levels of ultra cold neutrons in the terrestrial gravitational…
We study quantum mechanical systems with "spin"-related contact interactions in one dimension. The boundary conditions describing the contact interactions are dependent on the spin states of the particles. In particular we investigate the…
We show that exchange interactions in two-dimensional electron gases out of equilibrium can generate a fictitious vector potential with intriguing signatures in interference and Hall measurements. Detailed predictions are made for graphene,…