Related papers: Colloquium: Artificial spin ice: Designing and ima…
We report an artificial geometrically frustrated magnet based on an array of lithographically fabricated single-domain ferromagnetic islands. The islands are arranged such that the dipole interactions create a two-dimensional analogue to…
Frustrated systems, typically characterized by competing interactions that cannot all be simultaneously satisfied, display rich behaviours not found elsewhere in nature. Artificial spin ice takes a materials-by-design approach to studying…
A frustrated system is one whose symmetry precludes the possibility that every pairwise interaction (``bond'') in the system can be satisfied at the same time. Such systems are common in all areas of physical and biological science. In the…
Artificial spin ice systems, namely lattices of interacting single domain ferromagnetic islands, have been used to date as microscopic models of frustration induced by lattice topology, allowing for the direct visualization of spin…
Frustrated systems exhibit remarkable properties due to the high degeneracy of their ground states. Stabilised by competing interactions, a rich diversity of typically nanometre-sized phase structures appear in polymer and colloidal…
Frustration, or the competition between interacting components of a network, is often responsible for the complexity of many body systems, from social and neural networks to protein folding and magnetism. In quantum magnetic systems,…
Magnetic frustration effects in artificial kagome arrays of nanomagnets with out-of-plane magnetization are investigated using Magnetic Force Microscopy and Monte Carlo simulations. Experimental and theoretical results are compared to those…
Frustration in magnetic materials arising from competing exchange interactions can prevent the system from adopting long-range magnetic order and can instead lead to a diverse range of novel quantum and topological states with exotic…
The low-energy magnetic configurations of artificial frustrated spin chains are investigated using magnetic force microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. Contrary to most studies on two-dimensional artificial spin systems where…
During recent years the interest to frustrated magnets has grown considerably. Such systems reveal very peculiar properties which distinguish them from standard paramagnets, magnetically ordered regular systems (like ferro-, ferri-, and…
Frustrated lattices1-3, characterized by minor breakdown in local order in an otherwise periodic lattice, lead to simultaneous possibilities of several ground states which can trigger unique physical properties, in condensed matter systems.…
Geometric frustration emerges when local interaction energies in an ordered lattice structure cannot be simultaneously minimized, resulting in a large number of degenerate states. The numerous degenerate configurations may lead to practical…
Geometric frustration usually arises in systems that comprise magnetic moments (spins) which reside on the sites of a lattice made up of elementary triangular or tetrahedral units and which interact via antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor…
Materials science has been intensively developed during the last 30 years. This is due, on the one hand, to an increasing demand of new materials for new applications and, on the other hand, to technological progress which allows for the…
Artificial spin ice systems have opened experimental windows into a range of model magnetic systems through the control of interactions among nanomagnet moments. This control has previously been enabled by altering the nanomagnet size and…
Geometric frustration and the ice rule are two concepts that are intimately connected and widespread across condensed matter. The first refers to the inability of a system to satisfy competing interactions in the presence of spatial…
Magnetic skyrmions have been receiving growing attention as potential information storage and magnetic logic devices since an increasing number of materials have been identified that support skyrmion phases. Explorations of artificial…
Although geometrical frustration transcends scale, it has primarily been evoked in the micro and mesoscopic realm to characterize such phases as spin-ice liquids and glasses and to explain the behavior of such materials as multiferroics,…
Here an artificial spin ice (ASI) lattice is introduced that exhibits unique Ising and non-Ising behavior under specific field switching protocols because of the inclusion of coupled nanomagnets into the unit cell. In the Ising regime, a…
Frustration refers to competition between different interactions that cannot be simultaneously satisfied, a familiar feature in many magnetic solids. Strong frustration results in highly degenerate ground states, and a large suppression of…