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We propose a sound and complete proof rule ProbTA for quantitative analysis of violation probability of probabilistic programs. Our approach extends the technique of trace abstraction with probability in the control-flow randomness style,…
Software systems naturally evolve, and this evolution often brings design problems that cause system degradation. Architectural smells are typical symptoms of such problems, and several of these smells are related to undesired dependencies…
Algorithm selection, aiming to identify the best algorithm for a given problem, plays a pivotal role in continuous black-box optimization. A common approach involves representing optimization functions using a set of features, which are…
Class invariants -- consistency constraints preserved by every operation on objects of a given type -- are fundamental to building, understanding and verifying object-oriented programs. For verification, however, they raise difficulties,…
In pull-based development systems, code reviews and pull request comments play important roles in improving code quality. In such systems, reviewers attempt to carefully check a piece of code by different unit tests. Unfortunately,…
The major finding, of this article, is an ensemble method, but more exactly, a novel, better ranked voting system (and other variations of it), that aims to solve the problem of finding the best candidate to represent the voters. We have…
We consider the task of analyzing message-passing programs by observing their run-time behavior. We introduce a purely library-based instrumentation method to trace communication events during execution. A model of the dependencies among…
Code review that detects and locates defects and other quality issues plays an important role in software quality control. One type of issue that may impact the quality of software is code smells. Yet, little is known about the extent to…
Bug localization is an important aspect of software maintenance because it can locate modules that should be changed to fix a specific bug. Our previous study showed that the accuracy of the information retrieval (IR)-based bug localization…
Software defect prediction is an important aspect of preventive maintenance of a software. Many techniques have been employed to improve software quality through defect prediction. This paper introduces an approach of defect prediction…
This paper addresses multi-object systems, where objects may occlude one another relative to the sensor. The standard point-object model for detection-based sensors is enhanced so that the probability of detection considers the presence of…
Committee-selection problems arise in many contexts and applications, and there has been increasing interest within the social choice research community on identifying which properties are satisfied by different multi-winner voting rules.…
The proportional veto principle, which captures the idea that a candidate vetoed by a large group of voters should not be chosen, has been studied for ranked ballots in single-winner voting. We introduce a version of this principle for…
We present a Bayesian framework for learning probabilistic specifications from large, unstructured code corpora, and a method to use this framework to statically detect anomalous, hence likely buggy, program behavior. The distinctive…
Developers prefer to utilize third-party libraries when they implement some functionalities and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are frequently used by them. Facing an unfamiliar API, developers tend to consult tutorials as…
Large language models (LLMs) have shown increasing competence in solving mathematical reasoning problems. However, many open-source LLMs still struggle with errors in calculation and semantic understanding during intermediate reasoning…
We investigate Functional Majority Voting (FMV), a method based on functional consensus for code generation with Large Language Models, which identifies a representative solution from multiple generations using their runtime execution…
We study voting rules with respect to how they allow or limit a majority from dominating minorities: whether a voting rule makes a majority powerful, and whether minorities can veto the candidates they do not prefer. For a given voting…
Voting rules based on evaluation inputs rather than preference orders have been recently proposed, like majority judgement, range voting or approval voting. Traditionally, probabilistic analysis of voting rules supposes the use of…
Rating prediction is an important application, and a popular research topic in collaborative filtering. However, both the validity of learning algorithms, and the validity of standard testing procedures rest on the assumption that missing…