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Active materials take advantage of their internal sources of energy to self-organize in an automated manner. This feature provides a novel opportunity to design micron-scale machines with minimal required control. However, self-organization…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-22 Zijie Qu , Jialong Jiang , Heun Jin Lee , Rob Phillips , Shahriar Shadkhoo , Matt Thomson

Equilibrium self-assembly and conventional materials processing techniques fall far short of mimicking dynamic self-actuating processes that are commonplace throughout biology. To bridge the gap between living and synthetic matter, we study…

Cellular structures must organize themselves within strict physical constraints, operating with finite resources and well-defined boundaries. Classical systems demonstrate only passive responses to boundaries, from surface energy…

Active particle systems are a class of non-equilibrium systems composed of self-propelled Brownian particles; through interactions between particles within the system, a variety of intriguing collective behaviors can emerge. Based on…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-25 Sihang Guo , Guangyu Yang , Guoqing Meng , Yingying Wang , Junxing Pan , Jinjun Zhang

We investigate the behavior of self-propelled particles under cyclic stretching, inspired by the characteristic pattern dynamics observed in microtubule (MT) motility assays subjected to uniaxial cyclic substrate stretching. We develop a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-27 Takumi Tagaki , Seiya Nishikawa , Shuji Ishihara

Micron-sized self-propelled (active) particles can be considered as model systems for characterizing more complex biological organisms like swimming bacteria or motile cells. We produce asymmetric microswimmers by soft lithography and study…

Increasing evidence suggests that active matter exhibits instances of mixed symmetry that cannot be fully described by either polar or nematic formalism. Here, we introduce a minimal model that integrates self-propulsion into the active…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-09-03 Niels de Graaf Sousa , Simon Guldager Andersen , Aleksandra Ardaševa , Amin Doostmohammadi

Biological systems exhibit large-scale self-organized dynamics and structures which enable organisms to perform the functions of life. The field of active matter strives to develop and understand microscopically-driven nonequilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-02-11 Michael F. Hagan , Aparna Baskaran

Self-assembly is the autonomous organization of components into patterns or structures: an essential ingredient of biology and a desired route to complex organization. At equilibrium, the structure is encoded through specific interactions,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-10-03 Antoine Aubret , Mena Youssef , Stefano Sacanna , Jérémie Palacci

The emergence of macroscopic order and patterns is a central paradigm in systems of (self-)propelled agents, and a key component in the structuring of many biological systems.The relationships between the ordering process and the underlying…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-02 Jonas Denk , Erwin Frey

Active matter systems characterized by the interplay of chirality and self-alignment offer a rich landscape for the emergence of non-equilibrium collective behaviors and the development of autonomous materials. We present a versatile…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-20 Timo Wagner , Michael Himpel , Thomas Ihle , Horst-Holger Boltz

We consider a microscopic field theoretical approach for interacting active nematic particles. With only steric interactions the self-propulsion strength in such systems can lead to different collective behaviour, e.g., synchronized…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-04 Veit Krause , Axel Voigt

Recently, we proposed a self-propelled particle model with competing alignment interactions: nearby particles tend to align their velocities whereas they anti-align their direction of motion with particles which are further away [R.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-05-02 Robert Großmann , Pawel Romanczuk , Markus Bär , Lutz Schimansky-Geier

Mechanical metamaterials leverage geometric design to achieve unconventional properties, such as high strength at low density, efficient wave guiding, and complex shape morphing. The ability to control shape changes builds on the complex…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-01-28 Krzysztof K. Dudek , Muamer Kadic , Corentin Coulais , Katia Bertoldi

Active matter has been the object of huge amount of research in recent years for its important fundamental and applicative properties. In this paper we investigate active suspensions of micro-swimmers through direct numerical simulation, so…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-03 Sergio Chibbaro , Astrid Decoene , Sebastien Martin , Fabien Vergnet

In pulsating active matter, topological defects are motile despite the absence of any macroscopic flows and microscopic self-propulsion. We reveal that this motility arises from a ratchet effect: the mechanochemical coupling between local…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-26 Luca Casagrande , Alessandro Manacorda , Etienne Fodor

Smart matter consists of many sensors, computers and actuators embedded within materials. These microelectromechanical systems allow properties of the materials to be adjusted under program control. In this context, we study the behavior of…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2008-02-03 Tad Hogg , Bernardo A. Huberman

We investigate what determines the shape of a particle condensate in situations when it emerges as a result of spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry. We consider a model with particles hopping between sites of a one-dimensional…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-04-22 B. Waclaw , J. Sopik , W. Janke , H. Meyer-Ortmanns

In this review we discuss recent advances in the self-assembly of self-propelled colloidal particles and highlight some of the most exciting results in this field with a specific focus on dry active matter. We explore this phenomenology…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-24 S. A. Mallory , C. Valeriani , A. Cacciuto

Active matter research focuses on the emergent behavior among interacting self-propelled particles. Unification of seemingly disconnected paradigms -- active phase-separation of repulsive discs and collective motion of self-propelled rods…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-18 Robert Großmann , Igor S. Aranson , Fernando Peruani