Related papers: Auto-similarity in rational base number systems
In this work, we show that the class of word-representable graphs is closed under split recomposition and determine the representation number of the graph obtained by recomposing two word-representable graphs. Accordingly, we show that the…
We consider absolutely free nonassociative algebras and, more generally, absolutely free algebras with (maybe infinitely) many multilinear operations. Such algebras are described in terms of labeled reduced planar rooted trees. This allows…
We associate all small subgraph counting problems with a systematic graph encoding/representation system which makes a coherent use of graphlet structures. The system can serve as a unified foundation for studying and connecting many…
A binary relation over a free monoid is synchronous if it can be recognized by a synchronous automaton that reads its two tapes simultaneously. We consider the case where the free monoid is generated by a single element (which makes it…
The regularity of the Rees ring of the edge ideal of a finite simple graph is studied. We show that the matching number is a lower and matching number~$+1$ is an upper bound of the regularity, if the Rees algebra is normal. In general the…
In this work, we leverage the linear algebraic structure of distributed word representations to automatically extend knowledge bases and allow a machine to learn new facts about the world. Our goal is to extract structured facts from…
Generalizations of linear numeration systems in which the set of natural numbers is recognizable by finite automata are obtained by describing an arbitrary infinite regular language following the lexicographic ordering. For these systems of…
Some properties of the optimal representation of numbers are investigated. This representation, which is to the base-e, is examined for coding of integers. An approximate representation without fractions that we call WF is introduced and…
We prove canonical and non-canonical tree-of-tangles theorems for abstract separation systems that are merely structurally submodular. Our results imply all known tree-of-tangles theorems for graphs, matroids and abstract separation systems…
A self-similar algebra $\left(\mathfrak{A}, \psi \right)$ is an associative algebra $\mathfrak{A}$ with a morphism of algebras $\psi: \mathfrak{A} \longrightarrow M_d \left( \mathfrak{A}\right)$, where $M_d \left( \mathfrak{A}\right)$ is…
We reduce phrase-representation parsing to dependency parsing. Our reduction is grounded on a new intermediate representation, "head-ordered dependency trees", shown to be isomorphic to constituent trees. By encoding order information in…
Formal languages are sets of strings of symbols described by a set of rules specific to them. In this note, we discuss a certain class of formal languages, called regular languages, and put forward some elementary results. The properties of…
Given a (finite or infinite) subset $X$ of the free monoid $A^*$ over a finite alphabet $A$, the rank of $X$ is the minimal cardinality of a set $F$ such that $X \subseteq F^*$. We say that a submonoid $M$ generated by $k$ elements of $A^*$…
Word embeddings are ubiquitous in NLP and information retrieval, but it is unclear what they represent when the word is polysemous. Here it is shown that multiple word senses reside in linear superposition within the word embedding and…
So far, a very large amount of work in Natural Language Processing (NLP) rely on trees as the core mathematical structure to represent linguistic informations (e.g. in Chomsky's work). However, some linguistic phenomena do not cope properly…
We begin with a new analysis of formal words. Let w be a formal word in letters g_1,...,g_k. The word map associated with w maps the permutations s_1,...,s_k in S_n to the permutation obtained by replacing for each i, every occurrence of…
Regular tree grammars and regular path expressions constitute core constructs widely used in programming languages and type systems. Nevertheless, there has been little research so far on reasoning frameworks for path expressions where node…
This paper aims to use topological methods to compute $\mathrm{Ext}$ between an irreducible representation of a finite monoid inflated from its group completion and one inflated from its group of units, or more generally coinduced from a…
Sturmian words are infinite binary words with many equivalent definitions: They have a minimal factor complexity among all aperiodic sequences; they are balanced sequences (the labels 0 and 1 are as evenly distributed as possible) and they…
The theory of complex trees is introduced as a new approach to study a broad class of self-similar sets. Systems of equations encoded by complex trees tip-to-tip equivalence relations are used to obtain one-parameter families of connected…