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We simulate the transition from amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) to lasing in random systems with varying degrees of mode overlap. This is accomplished by solving the stochastic Maxwell-Bloch equations with the finite-difference…

Optics · Physics 2010-12-30 Jonathan Andreasen , Hui Cao

With deep neural networks providing state-of-the-art machine learning models for numerous machine learning tasks, quantifying the robustness of these models has become an important area of research. However, most of the research literature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-08 Tsui-Wei Weng , Pin-Yu Chen , Lam M. Nguyen , Mark S. Squillante , Ivan Oseledets , Luca Daniel

During recent years the interest of optimization and machine learning communities in high-probability convergence of stochastic optimization methods has been growing. One of the main reasons for this is that high-probability complexity…

Motivated by the limitations of near-term quantum devices, we study nonlocal games in the high-noise regime, where the two players may share arbitrarily many copies of a noisy entangled state. In this regime, existing rigidity theorems are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Honghao Fu , Minglong Qin , Haochen Xu , Penghui Yao

Neural networks are not learning optimal decision boundaries. We show that decision boundaries are situated in areas of low training data density. They are impacted by few training samples which can easily lead to overfitting. We provide a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Johannes Schneider

This work considers a discrete-time Poisson noise channel with an input amplitude constraint $\mathsf{A}$ and a dark current parameter $\lambda$. It is known that the capacity-achieving distribution for this channel is discrete with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Luca Barletta , Alex Dytso , Shlomo Shamai

Autonomous systems increasingly rely on machine learning techniques to transform high-dimensional raw inputs into predictions that are then used for decision-making and control. However, it is often easy to maliciously manipulate such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jinghan Yang , Hunmin Kim , Wenbin Wan , Naira Hovakimyan , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Recently we find several candidates of quantum algorithms that may be implementable in near-term devices for estimating the amplitude of a given quantum state, which is a core sub- routine in various computing tasks such as the Monte Carlo…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-12 Tomoki Tanaka , Yohichi Suzuki , Shumpei Uno , Rudy Raymond , Tamiya Onodera , Naoki Yamamoto

This paper extends the standard chaining technique to prove excess risk upper bounds for empirical risk minimization with random design settings even if the magnitude of the noise and the estimates is unbounded. The bound applies to many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-09-08 Gábor Balázs , András György , Csaba Szepesvári

Exceptional points (EPs) have been suggested for ultra-sensitive sensing because the eigenfrequency splitting grows as the nth-root of a perturbation, suggesting divergent responsivity. In ideal linear devices, however, this responsivity…

Optics · Physics 2025-09-25 Todd Darcie , J. Stewart Aitchison

Post-selection strategies have been proposed with the aim of amplifying weak signals, which may help to overcome detection thresholds associated with technical noise in high-precision measurements. Here we use an optical setup to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-11 G. Bié Alves , A. Pimentel , M. Hor-Meyll , S. P. Walborn , L. Davidovich , R. L. de Matos Filho

Previous studies in quantum information have recognized that specific types of noise can encode information in certain applications. However, the role of noise in Quantum Hypothesis Testing (QHT), traditionally assumed to undermine…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-06 Qing Li , Lingna Wang , Min Jiang , Ze Wu , Haidong Yuan , Xinhua Peng

Neural networks are known to be highly sensitive to adversarial examples. These may arise due to different factors, such as random initialization, or spurious correlations in the learning problem. To better understand these factors, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-05 Elvis Dohmatob , Alberto Bietti

This paper investigates the asymptotic expansion for the maximum rate of fixed-length codes over a parallel Gaussian channel with feedback under the following setting: A peak power constraint is imposed on every transmitted codeword, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Silas L. Fong , Vincent Y. F. Tan

This paper describes a methodology for detecting anomalies from sequentially observed and potentially noisy data. The proposed approach consists of two main elements: (1) {\em filtering}, or assigning a belief or likelihood to each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Maxim Raginsky , Rebecca Willett , Corinne Horn , Jorge Silva , Roummel Marcia

Post-hoc explanation methods are used with the intent of providing insights about neural networks and are sometimes said to help engender trust in their outputs. However, popular explanations methods have been found to be fragile to minor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Matthew Wicker , Juyeon Heo , Luca Costabello , Adrian Weller

The random self-reinforcement mechanism, characterized by the principle of ``the rich get richer'', has demonstrated significant utility across various domains. One prominent model embodying this mechanism is the random reinforcement urn…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Li Yang , Jiang Hu , Jianghao Li , Zhidong Bai

Decentralized large language model inference networks require lightweight mechanisms to reward high quality outputs under heterogeneous latency and cost. Proof of Quality provides scalable verification by sampling evaluator nodes that score…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Arther Tian , Alex Ding , Frank Chen , Simon Wu , Aaron Chan

We consider a wireless network with multiple single-antenna repeaters that amplify and instantaneously re-transmit the signals they receive to improve the channel rank and system coverage. Due to the positive feedback formed by…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Erik G. Larsson , Jianan Bai

Free will (or randomness) has been studied to achieve loophole-free Bell's inequality test and to provide device-independent quantum key distribution security proofs. The required randomness such that a local hidden variable model (LHVM)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-29 Yifeng Teng , Shenghao Yang , Siwei Wang , Mingfei Zhao