Related papers: Electric Field Driven Torque in ATP Synthase
We examine charge transport through a system of three sites connected in series in the situation when an oscillating charged piston modulates the energy of the middle site. We show that with an appropriate set of parameters, charge can be…
In bilayer systems consisting of an ultrathin ferromagnetic layer adjacent to a metal with strong spin-orbit coupling, an applied in-plane current induces torques on the magnetization. The torques that arise from spin-orbit coupling are of…
Single particle states in the atomic trap employing the rotating magnetic field are found using the full time-dependent instantaneous trapping potential. These states are compared with those of the effective time-averaged potential. We show…
We examine a simple model of proton pumping through the inner membrane of mitochondria in the living cell. We demonstrate that the pumping process can be described using approaches of condensed matter physics. In the framework of this…
Many radio sources like quasars, blazars, radio galaxies, and micro-quasars exhibit circular polarisation (CP) with surprising temporal persistent handedness. As a possible explanation we propose that the CP is due to Faraday conversion…
Molecular motors drive mechanical motions utilizing the free energy liberated from chemical reactions such as ATP hydrolysis. Although it is essential to know the efficiency of this free energy transduction, it has been a challenge due to…
The spin torque oscillator (STO), where the magnetization of the fixed layer is tilted out of the film plane, is capable of strong microwave signal generation in zero magnetic field. Through numerical simulations of the…
We experimentally showed that biological molecular motor F$_1$-ATPase (F$_1$) implements an optimal rectification mechanism. F$_1$ hardly suppresses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, which is the F$_1$'s physiological role while…
The generation of unidirectional motion has been a long-standing challenge in engineering of molecular motors and, more generally, machines. A molecular motor is characterized by a set of low energy states that differ in their…
Chemical gradients provide the primordial energy for biological functions by driving the mechanical movement of microscopic engines. Their thermodynamic properties remain elusive, especially concerning the dynamic change in energy demand in…
Spin-orbit-torque (SOT) induced magnetization switching in Co/Pt/Co trilayer, with two Co layers exhibiting magnetization easy axes orthogonal to each other is investigated. Pt layer is used as a source of spin-polarized current as it is…
A neutron source is proposed. It is based on a proton accelerator with the energy Ep = 1.2 GeV, current Ip = 0.7A, pulse duration T = 3 mcsec, repetition rate F = 60 Hz, and accelerator length L = 30 m. Protons are accelerated by the field…
The spin currents generated by spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in the nonmagnetic metal layer or at the interface with broken inversion symmetry are of particular interest and importance. Here, we have explored the spin current generation…
The triboelectrification of conducting materials can be explained by electron transfer between different Fermi levels. However, triboelectrification in dielectrics is poorly understood. The surface dipole formations are shown to be caused…
Magnetic resonances driven by current-induced torques are crucial tools to study magnetic materials but are very limited in frequency and mechanical efficiency. We propose an alternative mechanism, voltage-induced torque, to realize high…
The simplest mechanism for molecular electron pumps is discussed which is based on nonadiabatic electron tunnelling and nonequilibrium conformational fluctuations. Such fluctuations can be induced, e.g. by random binding of negatively…
This paper explains the phenomenon of current circulation and the resulting electromagnetic torque generation in electric machines employing delta windings. The description entails a systematic assessment of the electrical and magnetic…
Single-molecule experiments have found near-perfect thermodynamic efficiency in the rotary motor F1-ATP synthase. To help elucidate the principles underlying nonequilibrium energetic efficiency in such stochastic machines, we investigate…
The suggestion made by C. F. Chyba and K. P. Hand about electric power generation from Earth's rotation through its own magnetic field is intriguing [1, 2]. Due to the importance of the subject, we have re-analyzed the theoretical arguments…
Subunit epsilon is an intrinsic regulator of the bacterial FoF1-ATP synthase, the ubiquitous membrane-embedded enzyme that utilizes a proton motive force in most organisms to synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The C-terminal domain of…