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Prevalent in many real-world settings such as healthcare, irregular time series are challenging to formulate predictions from. It is difficult to infer the value of a feature at any given time when observations are sporadic, as it could…

In this study, an improved second-order difference plot is proposed to analyze the variability of heart rate variability. Although the variation of physiological status of cardiovascular system can be shown graphically by the second-order…

We derive the precise relation between level matching condition and fractional instanton numbers in six dimensional, abelian and supersymmetric orbifolds of E8 x E8 heterotic string theory. The fractional part of the two E8 instanton…

String matching algorithm plays the vital role in the Computational Biology. The functional and structural relationship of the biological sequence is determined by similarities on that sequence. For that, the researcher is supposed to aware…

Change point detection is a crucial aspect of analyzing time series data, as the presence of a change point indicates an abrupt and significant change in the process generating the data. While many algorithms for the problem of change point…

Multivariate time series are ubiquitous objects in signal processing. Measuring a distance or similarity between two such objects is of prime interest in a variety of applications, including machine learning, but can be very difficult as…

We analyze the observability of motion estimates from the fusion of visual and inertial sensors. Because the model contains unknown parameters, such as sensor biases, the problem is usually cast as a mixed identification/filtering, and the…

This article surveys some of the highlights in the development of string theory through the first superstring revolution in 1984. The emphasis is on topics in which the author was involved, especially the observation that critical string…

There are two distinct perspectives on the quantum time-of-arrival: one can ask for the probability that a particle is found at the detector at a given time, regardless of whether it was previously detected, or for the probability that the…

The scope of the paper is the theoretical analysis of the time rate in which a dynamical system reaches a stable stationary state or stable oscillations. The method used for the analysis is based on the so-called iterative time profiles,…

The extremal index $\theta$, a number in the interval $[0,1]$, is known to be a measure of primal importance for analyzing the extremes of a stationary time series. New rank-based estimators for $\theta$ are proposed which rely on the…

This paper derives practical algorithms, based on Bayesian inference methods, for several data analysis problems common in time series analysis of astronomical and other data. One problem is the determination of the lag between two time…

We study the space-time invariances of the bosonic relativistic particle and bosonic relativistic string using general formulations obtained by incorporating the Hamiltonian constraints into the formalism. We point out that massless…

The changes in brightness of an astronomical source as a function of time are key probes into that source's physics. Periodic and quasi-periodic signals are indicators of fundamental time (and length) scales in the system, while stochastic…

The von Neumann interaction between a particle and an apparatus, both of arbitrary mass, has been considered in the measurement of the position of a simple harmonic oscillator acted on by an external force. When the measurement has finite…

In the framework of special relativity, all particles are point-like or string-like. This nature of particles has caused the divergence difficulties in quantum field, string and superstring theories. In the framework of special relativity,…

Long duration noisy-looking waveforms such as those obtained in randomly multiply scattering and reverberant media are complex; they resist direct interpretation. Nevertheless, such waveforms are sensitive to small changes in the source of…

An important problem in physics concerns the analysis of audio time series generated by transduced acoustic phenomena. Here, we develop a new method to quantify the scaling properties of the local variance of nonstationary time series. We…

Diffraction in time (DIT) is a fundamental phenomenon in quantum dynamics due to time-dependent obstacles and slits. It is formally analogous to diffraction of light, and is expected to play an increasing role to design coherent matter wave…

The evolution of the rotational inhomogeneities is investigated in the specific framework of four-dimensional pre-big bang models. While minimal (dilaton-driven) scenarios do not lead to rotational fluctuations, in the case of non-minimal…