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Given two (di)graphs G, H and a cost function $c:V(G)\times V(H) \to \mathbb{Q}_{\geq 0}\cup\{+\infty\}$, in the minimum cost homomorphism problem, MinHOM(H), goal is finding a homomorphism $f:V(G)\to V(H)$ (a.k.a H-coloring) that minimizes…
We introduce new methods for understanding the topology of $\Hom$ complexes (spaces of homomorphisms between two graphs), mostly in the context of group actions on graphs and posets. We view $\Hom(T,-)$ and $\Hom(-,G)$ as functors from…
Counting small patterns in a large dataset is a fundamental algorithmic task. The most common version of this task is subgraph/homomorphism counting, wherein we count the number of occurrences of a small pattern graph $H$ in an input graph…
In recent years, much attention has been placed on the complexity of graph homomorphism problems when the input is restricted to ${\mathbb P}_k$-free and ${\mathbb P}_k$-subgraph-free graphs. We consider the directed version of this…
We study the computational complexity of estimating local observables for Gibbs distributions. A simple combinatorial example is the average size of an independent set in a graph. In a recent work, we established NP-hardness of…
We show the problem of counting homomorphisms from the fundamental group of a homology $3$-sphere $M$ to a finite, non-abelian simple group $G$ is #P-complete, in the case that $G$ is fixed and $M$ is the computational input. Similarly,…
We consider the Exact-Weight-H problem of finding a (not necessarily induced) subgraph H of weight 0 in an edge-weighted graph G. We show that for every H, the complexity of this problem is strongly related to that of the infamous k-Sum…
We prove new parameterized complexity results for the FO Model Checking problem on a well-known generalization of interval and circular-arc graphs: the class of $H$-graphs, for any fixed multigraph $H$. In particular, we research how the…
Given two graphs $H$ and $G$, the Subgraph Isomorphism problem asks if $H$ is isomorphic to a subgraph of $G$. While NP-hard in general, algorithms exist for various parameterized versions of the problem: for example, the problem can be…
This paper studies the problem of counting homomorphisms from a bipartite source graph to a bipartite target graph. An exact formula is first derived for the number of homomorphisms from a complete bipartite graph into a general bipartite…
This thesis investigates the central role of homomorphism problems (structure-preserving maps) in two complementary domains: database querying over finite, graph-shaped data, and constraint solving over (potentially infinite) structures.…
We define the Homomorphism Extension (HomExt) problem: given a group $G$, a subgroup $M \leq G$ and a homomorphism $\varphi: M \to H$, decide whether or not there exists a homomorphism $\widetilde{\varphi}: G\to H$ extending $\varphi$,…
The notion of graph covers (also referred to as locally bijective homomorphisms) plays an important role in topological graph theory and has found its computer science applications in models of local computation. For a fixed target graph…
Given a bipartite graph $G=(U\cup V,E)$, a left-perfect many-to-one matching is a subset $M \subseteq E$ such that each vertex in $U$ is incident with exactly one edge in $M$. If $U$ is partitioned into some groups, the matching is called…
We introduce and study the complexity of Path Packing. Given a graph $G$ and a list of paths, the task is to embed the paths edge-disjoint in $G$. This generalizes the well known Hamiltonian-Path problem. Since Hamiltonian Path is…
The complexity of graph homomorphism problems has been the subject of intense study. It is a long standing open problem to give a (decidable) complexity dichotomy theorem for the partition function of directed graph homomorphisms. In this…
We prove a complexity dichotomy theorem for a class of Holant problems on planar 3-regular bipartite graphs. The complexity dichotomy states that for every weighted constraint function $f$ defining the problem (the weights can even be…
We consider a weighted counting problem on matchings, denoted $\textrm{PrMatching}(\mathcal{G})$, on an arbitrary fixed graph family $\mathcal{G}$. The input consists of a graph $G\in \mathcal{G}$ and of rational probabilities of existence…
Given an undirected graph $G = (V, E)$ and a weight function $w:E \to \mathbb{R}$, the \textsc{Minimum Dominating Tree} problem asks to find a minimum weight sub-tree of $G$, $T = (U, F)$, such that every $v \in V \setminus U$ is adjacent…
The notion of $\times$-homotopy from \cite{DocHom} is investigated in the context of the category of pointed graphs. The main result is a long exact sequence that relates the higher homotopy groups of the space $\Hom_*(G,H)$ with the…