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In this article, we consider the continuous analog of the celebrated Mandelbrot star equation with lognormal weights. Mandelbrot introduced this equation to characterize the law of multiplicative cascades. We show existence and uniqueness…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-01-29 Romain Allez , Rémi Rhodes , Vincent Vargas

The notion of propagation of chaos for large systems of interacting particles originates in statistical physics and has recently become a central notion in many areas of applied mathematics. The present review describes old and new methods…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Louis-Pierre Chaintron , Antoine Diez

In this article, we consider the multiplicative chaos measure associated to the log-correlated random Fourier series, or random wave model, with i.i.d. coefficients taken from a general class of distributions. This measure was shown to be…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-17 Yujin H. Kim , Xaver Kriechbaum

Multifractal systems usually have singularity spectra defined on bounded sets of H\"older exponents. As a consequence, their associated multifractal scaling exponents are expected to depend linearly upon statistical moment orders at high…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-06-30 L. Moriconi

In Liouville quantum gravity (or $2d$-Gaussian multiplicative chaos) one seeks to define a measure $\mu^h = e^{\gamma h(z)} dz$ where $h$ is an instance of the Gaussian free field on a planar domain $D$. Since $h$ is a distribution, not a…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-03-28 Scott Sheffield , Menglu Wang

We consider powers of the absolute value of the characteristic polynomial of Haar distributed random orthogonal or symplectic matrices, as well as powers of the exponential of its argument, as a random measure on the unit circle minus small…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-09-15 Johannes Forkel , Jonathan P. Keating

In this paper, we study Gaussian multiplicative chaos in the critical case. We show that the so-called derivative martingale, introduced in the context of branching Brownian motions and branching random walks, converges almost surely (in…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-14 Bertrand Duplantier , Rémi Rhodes , Scott Sheffield , Vincent Vargas

We consider a sub-critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos (GMC) measure defined on the unit interval [0,1] and prove an exact formula for the fractional moments of the total mass of this measure. Our formula includes the case where…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-11-06 Guillaume Remy , Tunan Zhu

In this article we systematically study the general properties and the single-point moments of the inverse of the Gaussian multiplicative chaos.

Probability · Mathematics 2024-05-30 Ilia Binder , Tomas Kojar

The notion of propagation of chaos for large systems of interacting particles originates in statistical physics and has recently become a central notion in many areas of applied mathematics. The present review describes old and new methods…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Louis-Pierre Chaintron , Antoine Diez

Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos is a way to produce a measure on $\R^d$ (or subdomain of $\R^d$) of the form $e^{\gamma X(x)} dx$, where $X$ is a log-correlated Gaussian field and $\gamma \in [0,\sqrt{2d})$ is a fixed constant. A…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-09-26 Bertrand Duplantier , Rémi Rhodes , Scott Sheffield , Vincent Vargas

In this paper, we initiate the harmonic analysis of Gaussian multiplicative chaos (GMC) on the circle, i.e. the study of its Fourier coefficients. In particular, we show that almost surely GMC is a so-called Rajchman measure which means…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Christophe Garban , Vincent Vargas

Given $d\ge 1$, we provide a construction of the random measure - the critical Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos - formally defined $e^{\sqrt{2d}X}\mathrm{d} \mu$ where $X$ is a $\log$-correlated Gaussian field and $\mu$ is a locally finite…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-04-13 Hubert Lacoin

In this note we prove that suitable positive powers of the absolute value of the characteristic polynomial of a Haar distributed random unitary matrix converge in law, as the size of the matrix tends to infinity, to a Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-06-06 Miika Nikula , Eero Saksman , Christian Webb

Consider a logarithmically-correlated Gaussian field $X$ in $d$ dimensions. For all $\gamma \in (-\sqrt{2d},\sqrt{2d})$, we show that the derivatives $\frac{\partial^k}{\partial\gamma^k} :e^{\gamma X_\epsilon}:$ of the regularised Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Antoine Jego

Timelike Liouville field theory (also known as imaginary Liouville theory or imaginary Gaussian multiplicative chaos) is expected to describe two-dimensional quantum gravity in a positive-curvature regime, but its path integral is not a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Sourav Chatterjee

In this paper, we establish the exact Fourier dimensions of all standard sub-critical Gaussian multiplicative chaos on the unit interval, thereby confirming the Garban-Vargas conjecture. The proof relies on a significant improvement of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Zhaofeng Lin , Yanqi Qiu , Mingjie Tan

Over fourty years ago, the physicist Polyakov proposed a bold framework for string theory, in which the problem was reduced to the study of certain "random surfaces". He further made the tantalising suggestion that this theory could be…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-04 Nathanaël Berestycki , Ellen Powell

We study non-Gaussian log-correlated multiplicative chaos, where the random field is defined as a sum of independent fields that satisfy suitable moment and regularity conditions. The convergence, existence of moments and analyticity with…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-06-30 Janne Junnila

We present new, short and self-contained proofs of the convergence (with an adequate renormalization) of four different sequences to the critical Gaussian Multiplicative Chaos:(a) the derivative martingale (b) the critical martingale (c)…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-15 Hubert Lacoin