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The proof of Brouwer's fixed-point theorem based on Sperner's lemma is often presented as an elementary combinatorial alternative to advanced proofs based on algebraic topology. The goal of this note is to show that: (i) the combinatorial…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Nikolai V. Ivanov

In this paper we prove a combinatorial theorem for finite labellings of trees, and show that it is equivalent to a theorem for finite covers of metric trees and a fixed point theorem on metric trees. We trace how these connections mimic the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-10 Andrew Niedermaier , Douglas Rizzolo , Francis Edward Su

We present a constructive proof of Ky Fan's combinatorial lemma concerning labellings of triangulated spheres. Our construction works for triangulations of $S^n$ that contain a flag of hemispheres. As a consequence, we produce a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Timothy Prescott , Francis Edward Su

Kakutani's fixed point theorem is a generalization of Brouwer's fixed point theorem to upper semicontinuous multivalued maps and is used extensively in game theory and other areas of economics. Earlier works have shown that Sperner's lemma…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-11-22 Yitzchak Shmalo

Alexander's lemma is a version of Sperner's lemma published by Alexander two years earlier than Sperner's paper. The present paper is devoted to a modern but elementary exposition of lemmas of Alexander and Sperner and their main…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-09-04 Nikolai V. Ivanov

We present a general fixed point theorem which can be seen as the quintessence of the principles of proof for Banach's Fixed Point Theorem, ultrametric and certain topological fixed point theorems. It works in a minimal setting, not…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2013-04-02 Katarzyna Kuhlmann , Franz-Viktor Kuhlmann

The objective of this manuscript is to introduce and develop the concept of a generalized $\theta$-parametric metric space-a novel extension that enriches the modern metric fixed point theory. We study of its fundamental properties,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Abhishikta Das , Hemanta Kalita , Mohammad Sajid , T. Bag

The Sperner and Tucker lemmas are combinatorial analogous of the Brouwer and Borsuk - Ulam theorems with many useful applications. These classic lemmas are concerning labellings of triangulated discs and spheres. In this paper we show that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-07-03 Oleg R. Musin

In 1967 Herbert Scarf suggested a new proof of Brouwer's fixed point theorem based on a combinatorial analogue of Sperner's lemma. Scarf presented his arguments in very geometric language, even purely combinatorial ones. Recently H. Petri…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Nikolai V. Ivanov

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of fixed points for self-mappings defined on bipolar metric spaces using a new class of contractive conditions, namely polynomial-type contractions. Our main results establish…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Gopinath Janardhanan , Gunaseelan Mani , Nancy Delaila John Kennedy , Yaé Ulrich Gaba

We establish common fixed point theorems for two pairs of weakly compatible self-mappings using an auxiliary function of two variables. Unlike classical results, our theorems do not assume continuity of the mappings and require completeness…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-10 Babu G. V. R. , Alemayehu Negash , Sandhya M. L. , Meaza Bogale

We introduce a systematic mathematical language for describing fixed point models and apply it to the study to topological phases of matter. The framework is reminiscent of state-sum models and lattice topological quantum field theories,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-28 A. Bauer , J. Eisert , C. Wille

We prove an extension of the well-known combinatorial-topological lemma of E. Sperner to the case of infinite-dimensional cubes. It is obtained as a corollary to an infinitary extension of the Lebesgue Covering Dimension Theorem.

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Aarno Hohti

In this paper we introduce the concept of the rectangular metric like spaces, along with its topology and we prove some fixed point theorems under different contraction principles. We introduce the concept of modified metric-like space as…

General Topology · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Nabil Mlaiki , Kamal Abudayeh , Thabet Abdeljawad , Muhib Abuloha

We consider Brouwer's fixed point theorem and Sperner's lemma in one dimension. We present a proof of the Brouwer theorem using the Sperner lemma, and vice versa. However, we also show that they are not equivalent, because the Sperner lemma…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-04 Junichi Minagawa

In this paper we establish the existence of related fixed points theorems for two pairs of mappings with different contraction conditions in two fuzzy metric spaces.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2012-05-14 T. K. Samanta , Sumit Mohinta , Iqbal H. Jebril

In this article, we prove the existence of common fixed points for a pair of maps on a $q$-spherically complete $T_0$-ultra-quasi-metric space. The present article is a generalization, in the assymmetric setting of the paper of Rao et…

General Topology · Mathematics 2014-12-04 Collins Amburo Agyingi , Yaé Ulrich Gaba

In this paper, we introduce the notion of $\alpha$--contractive mapping of Meir--Keeler type in complete metric spaces and prove new theorems which assure the existence, uniqueness and iterative approximation of the fixed point for this…

General Topology · Mathematics 2013-03-26 Maher Berzig , Mircea-Dan Rus

We introduce a new type of mappings in metric spaces which are three-point analogue of the well-known Kannan type mappings and call them generalized Kannan type mappings. It is shown that in general case such mappings are discontinuous but…

General Topology · Mathematics 2025-01-06 Evgeniy Petrov , Ravindra K. Bisht

A generic method for combinatorial constructions of intrinsic geometrical spaces is presented. It is based on the well known inverse sequences of finite graphs that determine (in the limit) topological spaces. If a pattern of the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Stanislaw Ambroszkiewicz
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