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The High-Energy Transient Explorer (HETE-2), launched in October 2000, is a satellite experiment dedicated to the study of gamma-ray bursts in a very wide energy range from soft X-ray to gamma-ray wavelengths. The intermediate X-ray range…

Astrophysics · Physics 2013-03-07 Bjoern Malte Schaefer , Nobuyuki Kawai

X-ray transience is the most extreme form of variability observed in AGN or normal non-active galaxies. While factors of 2-3 on timescales of days to years are quite common among AGN, X-ray transients appear only once and vanish from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Grupe

The LIGO/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) detected on 2017 January 4, a significant gravitational-wave (GW) event (now named GW170104). We report in this Letter the main results obtained from the analysis of hard X-ray and gamma-ray data of the…

Magnetar giant flares (MGFs) are among the most luminous high-energy transients in the local universe, consisting of a short, intense MeV gamma-ray spike followed by a softer, pulsating X-ray tail and possibly delayed radioactive emission.…

Since the CGRO operation in 1991-2000, one of the primary unresolved questions about the blazar gamma-ray emission has been its possible correlation with the low-energy (in particular optical) emission. To help answer this problem, the…

Using long-term monitoring data from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), we have selected 23 active galactic nuclei (AGN) with sufficient brightness and overall observation time to derive broadband X-ray spectra from 3 to >100 keV. Our…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-27 Elizabeth Rivers , Alex Markowitz , Richard Rothschild

The AXIS Community Science Book represents the collective effort of 592 scientists worldwide to define the transformative science enabled by the Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS), a next-generation X-ray mission selected by NASA's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-07 Michael Koss , Nafisa Aftab , Steven W. Allen , Roberta Amato , Hongjun An , Igor Andreoni , Timo Anguita , Riccardo Arcodia , Thomas Ayres , Matteo Bachetti , Maria Cristina Baglio , Arash Bahramian , Marco Balboni , Ranieri D. Baldi , Solen Balman , Aya Bamba , Eduardo Banados , Tong Bao , Iacopo Bartalucci , Antara Basu-Zych , Rebeca Batalha , Lorenzo Battistini , Franz Erik Bauer , Andy Beardmore , Werner Becker , Ehud Behar , Andrea Belfiore , Paz Beniamini , Elena Bertola , Vinicius Bessa , Henry Best , Stefano Bianchi , N. Biava , Breanna A. Binder , Elizabeth L. Blanton , Arash Bodaghee , Tamara Bogdanovic , David Bogensberger , A. Bonafede , Matteo Bonetti , Pol Bordas , Alice Borghese , Andrea Botteon , Stella Boula , Enrico Bozzo , Marica Branchesi , William Nielsen Brandt , Joel Bregman , Fabrizio Brighenti , Ettore Bronzini , Giulia Brunelli , Marcella Brusa , Esra Bulbul , Kevin Burdge , Alessandro Caccianiga , Michael Calzadilla , Sergio Campana , Milvia Capalbi , Fiamma Capitanio , Nico Cappelluti , Jonathan Carney , Sabrina Casanova , Daniel Castro , S. Bradley Cenko , Joheen Chakraborty , Priyanka Chakraborty , George Chartas , Arka Chatterjee , Prakriti Pal Choudhury , Raven Cilley , Francesca Civano , Andrea Comastri , Thomas Connor , Michael F. Corcoran , Lia Corrales , Francesco Coti Zelati , Weiguang Cui , Filippo D'Ammando , Kristen Dage , Tansu Daylan , Sabrina De Grandi , Alessandra De Rosa , Roberto Decarli , Anne Decourchelle , Nathalie Degenaar , Antonino Del Popolo , Alessandro Di Marco , Tiziana Di Salvo , Simone Dichiara , Stephen DiKerby , Steven Dillmann , Neil Doerksen , Paul Draghis , Jeremy J. Drake , Lorenzo Ducci , Renato Dupke , Joseph Durbak , Girish M. Duvvuri , Hannah Dykaar , Dominique Eckert , Martin Elvis , Catherine Espaillat , Paolo Esposito , Felix Furst , Giuseppina Fabbiano , Joshua Fagin , Abraham Falcone , Elena Fedorova , Adina Feinstein , Jorge Fernandez Fernandez , Gilles Ferrand , Anthony M. Flores , N. Foo , Nicholas Foo , Adi Foord , Alessia Franchini , Federico Fraschetti , Brenda L. Frye , James D. Lowenthal , Chris Fryer , Shin-ichiro Fujimoto , Seth Gagnon , Luigi Gallo , Carlos Garcia Diaz , Massimo Gaspari , Fabio Gastaldello , Joseph D. Gelfand , Suvi Gezari , Simona Ghizzardi , Simona Giacintucci , A. Gill , Roberto Gilli , Myriam Gitti , Margherita Giustini , Andrea Gnarini , Paola Grandi , Arran Gross , Liyi Gu , Sean Gunderson , Hans Moritz Gunther , Daryl Haggard , Kenji Hamaguchi , Jeremy Hare , Kevin C. Harrington , Craig Heinke , Sebastian Heinz , Julie Hlavacek-Larrondo , Wynn C. G. Ho , Edmund Hodges-Kluck , Jeroen Homan , R. Huang , Luca Ighina , Alessandro Ignesti , Matteo Imbrogno , Christopher Irwin , Jimmy Irwin , Nazma Islam , Gian Luca Israel , Wynn Jacobson-Galan , Chetana Jain , Arghajit Jana , Amruta Jaodand , Fred Jennings , Jiachen Jiang , Eric F. Jimenez-Andrade , Y. Jimenez-Teja , S. Johnson , Peter Jonker , Patrick S. Kamieneski , Elias Kammoun , Erin Kara , Oleg Kargaltsev , George W. King , Demet Kirmizibayrak , Noel Klingler , Albert K. H. Kong , Marina Kounkel , Manish Kumar , Alexander Kutyrev , Rebecca Kyer , Fabio La Monaca , Erini Lambrides , Giorgio Lanzuisi , Wonki Lee , Bret Lehmer , Elisa Lentini , Marika Lepore , Jiangtao Li , Carey M. Lisse , Daizhong Liu , Tingting Liu , Monica Isla Llave , Nicola Locatelli , Laura A. Lopez , Sebastian Lopez , Lorenzo Lovisari , Elisabeta Lusso , Brydyn Mac Intyre , Austin MacMaster , Roberto Maiolino , Jaya Maithil , Chandreyee Maitra , Walid Majid , Daniele Bjorn Malesani , Julie Malewicz , Labani Mallick , Shifra Mandel , Antonios Manousakis , Adam Mantz , Stefano Marchesi , Maxim Markevitch , Tatsuya Matsumoto , James Matthews , Martin G. F. Mayer , Giovanni Mazzolari , Chiara Mazzucchelli , Michael McDonald , Eileen T. Meyer , Riccardo Middei , Giulia Migliori , Martin Millon , Giovanni Miniutti , Mohammad Mirakhor , Silvano Molendi , Erik B. Monson , Alberto Moretti , Christopher Morgan , Kaya Mori , R. Glenn Morris , Sachindra Naik , Preethi Nair , Emanuele Nardini , Yael Naze , Michela Negro , Favio Neira , Chi Yung Ng , Mason Ng , Thong T. Q. Nguyen , Scott C. Noble , Brendan O'Connor , Ewan O'Sullivan , Matthew O'Dowd , Kwangmin Oh , Laura Olivera-Nieto , Marina Orio , Lidia M. Oskinova , Rachel Osten , Fabio Pacucci , Dany Page , Eric Paic , Belen Alcalde Pampliega , Abby Pan , Francesca Panessa , Manali Parvatikar , Massimo Pascale , Dheeraj Pasham , Biswajit Paul , Aaron B. Pearlman , Alessandro Peca , Eric S. Perlman , Maria Petropoulou , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Ryan W. Pfeifle , Enrico Piconcelli , Annalisa Pillepich , Ciro Pinto , Tsvi Piran , Andrealuna Pizzetti , Gabriele Ponti , Bettina Posselt , Pragati Pradhan , David A. Principe , Marine Prunier , Andrew Ptak , Giovanna Pugliese , Jonathan Quirola-Vasquez , Kamlesh Rajpurohit , Scott W. Randall , Chris Reynolds , Mark T. Reynolds , Lauren Rhodes , Angelo Ricarte , Claudio Ricci , Roberto Ricci , Fabio Rigamonti , Ketan Rikame , Guido Risaliti , Giacomo Riva , Liliana Rivera Sandoval , Guillermo Andres Rodriguez-Castillo , Daniele Rogantini , Patrizia Romano , Piero Rosati , Mariachiara Rossetti , Barry Rothberg , Alicia Rouco Escorial , Helen Russell , Geoffrey Ryan , Andrea Sacchi , Samar Safi-Harb , Takanori Sakamoto , Chiara Salvaggio , Ruben Salvaterra , Francesco Salvestrini , Isabel Sander , Arnab Sarkar , Manami Sasaki , Gerrit Schellenberger , Eric Schlegel , Jeremy D. Schnittman , Emma Schwartzman , Roberto Serafinelli , Alberto Sesana , Paola Severgnini , Rahul Sharma , Yue Shen , Timothy Shimwell , Avi Shporer , Matilde Signorini , Jasbir Singh , Julia Sisk-Reynes , Dominique Sluse , Taweewat Somboonpanyakul , Roberto Soria , Navin Sridhar , Keivan G. Stassun , Robert Stein , Nathan Steinle , Daniel Stern , Ceaser Stringfield , Haley Stueber , Yuanyuan Su , Janette Suherli , Nial Tanvir , Antonella Tarana , Yukikatsu Terada , Ira Thorpe , Andrea Tiengo , Francesco Tombesi , Nuria Torres-Alba , Eleonora Torresi , Alessia Tortosa , Lee Townsend , Paolo Tozzi , Cole Treyturik , Anna Trindade Falcao , Eleonora Troja , Naomi Tsuji , Aysegul Tumer , Francesco Ubertosi , Hendrik van Eerten , Reinout van Weeren , Georgios Vasilopoulos , Susanna D. Vergani , Georgios Vernardos , Benjamin Vigneron , Amit Vishwas , Fabio Vito , Zorawar Wadiasingh , Stephen Walker , Dominic J. Walton , F. Wang , Q. Daniel Wang , Kimberly Weaver , Peter J. Wheatley , Rudy Wijnands , Dan Wilkins , Brian J. Williams , Scott Wolk , Anna Wolter , Ka-Wah Wong , Jooyun Woo , Tyrone Woods , Kinwah Wu , Yerong Xu , Muskan Yadav , Hui Yang , J. Yang , Yuhan Yao , Michael Yeung , George Younes , Andrew Young , Mihoko Yukita , Min S. Yun , Silvia Zane , Luca Zappacosta , Stephen Zepf , Bing Zhang , Congyao Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Xiying Zhang , Yuexin Zhang , Xiurui Zhao , Xueying Zheng , Dazhi Zhou , Mingyang Zhuang , Fan Zou , John ZuHone

Blazars are a class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) known for their very rapid variabilty in the high energy regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Despite this known fast variability, X-ray observations have generally not revealed…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-23 Matthew Pryal , Abe Falcone , Michael Stroh

AXTAR is an X-ray observatory mission concept, currently under study in the U.S., that combines very large collecting area, broadband spectral coverage, high time resolution, highly flexible scheduling, and an ability to respond promptly to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-13 Deepto Chakrabarty , Paul S. Ray , Tod E. Strohmayer

Transient astronomical sources are typically powered by compact objects and usually signify highly explosive or dynamic events. While radio astronomy has an impressive record of obtaining high time resolution observations, usually it is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. D. Hyman , T. J. W. Lazio , N. E. Kassim , P. S. Ray , C. B. Markwardt , F. Yusef-Zadeh

The INTEGRAL Science Data Centre (ISDC) provides the INTEGRAL data and means to analyse them to the scientific community. The ISDC runs a gamma ray burst alert system that provides the position of gamma ray bursts on the sky within seconds…

Gamma-Flash is an Italian project funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and led by the National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), devoted to the observation and study of high-energy phenomena, such as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and…

Both multi-messenger astronomy and new high-throughput wide-field surveys require flexible tools for the selection and analysis of astrophysical transients. We here introduce the Alert Management, Photometry and Evaluation of Lightcurves…

One of the prominent science goal of the ELTs will be to study the physics and mass assembly of galaxies at very high redshifts. Here, we present the galaxy evolution science case for EAGLE, which is a NIR multi-integral field spectrograph…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 M. Puech , M. Lehnert , Y. Yang , J. -G. Cuby , S. Morris , C. Evans , B. Neichel , T. Fusco , G. Rousset , H. Flores

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), a state-of-the-art optical robotic sky survey, registers on the order of a million transient events - such as supernova explosions, changes in brightness of variable sources, or moving object detections…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-25 Dmitry A. Duev , Stéfan J. van der Walt

Gaia is a European Space Agency (ESA) astrometry space mission, and a successor to the ESA Hipparcos mission. Gaia's main goal is to collect high-precision astrometric data (i.e. positions, parallaxes, and proper motions) for the brightest…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Lukasz Wyrzykowski , Simon Hodgkin

Some pulsars have their maximum observable energy output in the gamma-ray band, offering the possibility of using these high-energy photons as probes of the particle acceleration and interaction processes in pulsar magnetospheres. After an…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 D. J. Thompson

Active Galactic Nuclei (hereafter AGN) produce powerful outflows which offer excellent conditions for efficient particle acceleration in internal and external shocks, turbulence, and magnetic reconnection events. The jets as well as…