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A non-perturbative and background-independent quantum formulation of quadratic gravity is provided. A canonical quantization procedure introduced in previous works, named after Dirac and Pauli, is here applied to quadratic gravity to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-08-05 Alberto Salvio

We perform a canonical, reduced phase space quantisation of General Relativity by Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) methods. The explicit construction of the reduced phase space is made possible by the combination of 1. the Brown -- Kuchar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 K. Giesel , T. Thiemann

We describe a simple gauge-fixing that leads to a construction of a quantum Hilbert space for quantum gravity in an asymptotically Anti de Sitter spacetime, valid to all orders of perturbation theory. The construction is motivated by a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-28 Edward Witten

We perform quantum process tomography (QPT) for both discrete- and continuous-variable quantum systems by learning a process representation using Kraus operators. The Kraus form ensures that the reconstructed process is completely positive.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Shahnawaz Ahmed , Fernando Quijandría , Anton Frisk Kockum

We study de Sitter JT gravity in the canonical formulation to illustrate constructions of Hilbert spaces in quantum gravity, which is challenging due to the Hamiltonian constraints. The key ideas include representing states as "invariants"…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-10-17 Jesse Held , Henry Maxfield

This series of lectures gives a simple and self-contained introduction to the non-perturbative and background independent loop approach of canonical quantum gravity. The Hilbert space of kinematical quantum states is constructed and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Marcus Gaul , Carlo Rovelli

In this thesis we investigate the importance of causality in non-perturbative approaches to quantum gravity. Firstly, causal sets are introduced as a simple kinematical model for causal geometry. It is shown how causal sets could account…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-08 Stefan Zohren

In the causal set approach to quantum gravity the spacetime continuum arises as an approximation to a fundamentally discrete substructure, the causal set, which is a locally finite partially ordered set. The causal set paradigm was…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-04-01 Sumati Surya

Gaussian Processes (GPs) are a powerful tool for probabilistic modeling, but their performance is often constrained in complex, large-scale real-world domains due to the limited expressivity of classical kernels. Quantum computing offers…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Meet Gandhi , George P. Kontoudis

A "quantum-first" approach to gravity is described, where rather than quantizing general relativity, one seeks to formulate the physics of gravity within a quantum-mechanical framework with suitably general postulates. Important guides are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-05-23 Steven B. Giddings

The nature of the classical canonical phase-space variables for gravity suggests that the associated quantum field operators should obey affine commutation relations rather than canonical commutation relations. Prior to the introduction of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 John R. Klauder

We describe a deformation of the observable algebra of quantum gravity in which the loop algebra is extended to framed loops. This allows an alternative nonperturbative quantization which is suitable for describing a phase of quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Seth Major , Lee Smolin

We argue that the complex numbers are an irreducible object of quantum probability. This can be seen in the measurements of geometric phases that have no classical probabilistic analogue. Having complex phases as primitive ingredient…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 Charis Anastopoulos

This article is based on the covariant causal set ($c$-causet) approach to discrete quantum gravity. A $c$-causet $x$ is a finite partially ordered set that has a unique labeling of its vertices. A rate of change on $x$ is described by a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-01 Stan Gudder

Variational quantum algorithms are promising tools whose efficacy depends on their optimisation method. For noise-free unitary circuits, the quantum generalisation of natural gradient descent has been introduced and shown to be equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-12 Bálint Koczor , Simon C. Benjamin

The increase of discrepancy in the standard procedure to choose the arbitrary functional form of the Lagrangian $f(Q)$ motivates us to solve this issue in modified theories of gravity. In this regard, we investigate the Gaussian process…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-06 Gaurav N. Gadbail , Sanjay Mandal , P. K. Sahoo

Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) is a promising approach to quantum gravity, in particular because it is based on a rigorous quantization of the kinematics of gravity. A difficult and still open problem in the LQG program is the construction of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-01 Tim Koslowski

Is the dynamical evolution of physical systems objectively a manifestation of information processing by the universe? We find that an affirmative answer has important consequences for the measurement problem. In particular, we calculate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Srikanth

We present a new regularisation of Euclidean Einstein gravity in terms of (sequences of) graphs. In particular, we define a discrete Einstein-Hilbert action that converges to its manifold counterpart on sufficiently dense random geometric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Christy Kelly , Carlo Trugenberger , Fabio Biancalana

In a previous article we have introduced an operator representing the three-dimensional scalar curvature in loop quantum gravity. In this article we examine the new curvature operator in the setting of quantum-reduced loop gravity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 Jerzy Lewandowski , Ilkka Mäkinen