Related papers: Numerical calculation of the runaway electron dist…
A disrupting plasma in a high-performance tokamak such as ITER or SPARC may generate large runaway electron currents that, upon impact with the tokamak wall, can cause serious damage to the device. To quickly identify regions of safe…
Developing avoidance or mitigation strategies of runaway electrons (RE) in magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) plasmas is of crucial importance for the safe operation of ITER. In order to develop these strategies, an accurate diagnostic…
In the Alcator C-Mod tokamak, relativistic runaway electron (RE) generation can occur during the flattop current phase of low density, diverted plasma discharges. Due to the high toroidal magnetic field (B = 5.4 T), RE synchrotron radiation…
In the Alcator C-Mod tokamak, runaway electron (RE) experiments have been performed during low density, flattop plasma discharges at three magnetic fields: 2.7, 5.4, and 7.8 T, the last being the highest field to-date at which REs have been…
We describe a numerical model constructed for the study of the emission of radiation from relativistic plasma under conditions characteristic, e.g., to gamma-ray bursts (GRB's) and active galactic nuclei (AGN's). The model solves self…
Improved understanding of runaway-electron formation and decay processes are of prime interest for the safe operation of large tokamaks, and the dynamics of the runaway electrons during dynamical scenarios such as disruptions are of…
In this Letter we investigate factors that influence the effective critical electric field for runaway-electron generation in plasmas. We present numerical solutions of the kinetic equation and discuss the implications for the threshold…
The concern of the present paper is the design of efficient numerical schemes for a specific Fokker-Planck equation describing the dynamics of energetic particles occurring in thermonuclear fusion plasmas (runaway electrons for example). In…
An equation is derived to calculate the dynamics of relativistic magnetized plasma which decelerates by sweeping up matter from the ISM. Reduction to the non-radiative and radiative regimes is demonstrated. The evolving electron momentum…
Runaway electron modelling efforts are motivated by the risk these energetic particles pose to large fusion devices. The sophisticated kinetic models can capture most features of the runaway electron generation but have high computational…
We examine the applicability of the stochastic electron acceleration to two high synchrotron peaked blazars, Mrk 421 and Mrk 501, assuming synchrotron self-Compton emission of gamma-rays. Our model considers an emitting region moving at…
A numerical tool for analysing spatially anisotropic electron populations in electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasmas has been developed, using a trial-and-error electron energy distribution function (EEDF) fitting method. The method has…
Relativistic runaway electrons are a major concern in tokamaks. The European framework for Integrated Modelling (EU-IM), facilitates the integration of different plasma simulation tools by providing a standard data structure for…
Driven by recent RHESSI observations of confined loop-top hard X-ray sources in solar flares, we consider stochastic acceleration of electrons in the presence of Coulomb collisions. If electron escape from the acceleration region can be…
For the simulation of disruptions in tokamak fusion plasmas, a fluid model describing the evolution of relativistic runaway electrons and their interaction with the background plasma is presented. The overall aim of the model is to…
We consider the Landau-Coulomb equation for a (hydrogen) plasma heated by an external electric field. In this setting, theoretical and experimental results in plasma physics show the emergence of so-called \emph{runaway electrons} which are…
Runaway electron loads onto material structures are a major concern for future large tokamaks due to the efficient avalanching at high plasma currents. Here, we perform predictive studies using the JOREK code for a plausible plasma…
Tokamak start-up is characterized by low electron densities and strong electric fields, in order to quickly raise the plasma current and temperature, allowing the plasma to fully ionize and magnetic flux surfaces to form. Such conditions…
The safe operation of tokamak reactors requires a reliable modeling capability of disruptions, and in particular the spatio-temporal dynamics of associated runaway electron currents. In a disruption, instabilities can break up magnetic…
Synchrotron radiation losses are a significant cause of concern for high-temperature aneutronic fusion reactions such as proton-Boron 11. The fact that radiation losses occur primarily in the high-energy tail, where the radiation itself has…