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Given an undirected $n$-vertex planar graph $G=(V,E,\omega)$ with non-negative edge weight function $\omega:E\rightarrow \mathbb R$ and given an assigned label to each vertex, a vertex-labeled distance oracle is a data structure which for…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Jacob Evald , Viktor Fredslund-Hansen , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

We present an $O(n^{1.5})$-space distance oracle for directed planar graphs that answers distance queries in $O(\log n)$ time. Our oracle both significantly simplifies and significantly improves the recent oracle of Cohen-Addad, Dahlgaard…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Paweł Gawrychowski , Shay Mozes , Oren Weimann , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

We consider approximate {\em path-reporting} distance oracles, distance labeling and labeled routing with extremely low space requirement, for general undirected graphs. For distance oracles, we show how to break the n\log n space bound of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-10-06 Michael Elkin , Ofer Neiman , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

We present the first approximate distance oracle for sparse directed networks with time-dependent arc-travel-times determined by continuous, piecewise linear, positive functions possessing the FIFO property. Our approach precomputes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-21 Spyros Kontogiannis , Christos Zaroliagis

Our input is an undirected weighted graph $G = (V,E)$ on $n$ vertices along with a source set $S\subseteq V$. The problem is to preprocess $G$ and build a compact data structure such that upon query $Qu(s,v,f)$ where $(s,v) \in S\times V$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Dipan Dey , Telikepalli Kavitha

Let $G$ be a graph where each vertex is associated with a label. A Vertex-Labeled Approximate Distance Oracle is a data structure that, given a vertex $v$ and a label $\lambda$, returns a $(1+\varepsilon)$-approximation of the distance from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Itay Laish , Shay Mozes

Given an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ of $n$ vertices and $m$ edges with weights in $[1,W]$, we construct vertex sensitive distance oracles (VSDO), which are data structures that preprocess the graph, and answer the following kind of queries:…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Ran Duan , Yong Gu , Hanlin Ren

We consider exact distance oracles for directed weighted planar graphs in the presence of failing vertices. Given a source vertex $u$, a target vertex $v$ and a set $X$ of $k$ failed vertices, such an oracle returns the length of a shortest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Panagiotis Charalampopoulos , Shay Mozes , Benjamin Tebeka

We present the first succinct distance oracles for (unweighted) interval graphs and related classes of graphs, using a novel succinct data structure for ordinal trees that supports the mapping between preorder (i.e., depth-first) ranks and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Meng He , J. Ian Munro , Yakov Nekrich , Sebastian Wild , Kaiyu Wu

Let $s$ denote a distinguished source vertex of a non-negatively real weighted and undirected graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. In this paper we present two efficient \emph{single-source approximate-distance sensitivity oracles},…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-08-18 Davide Bilò , Luciano Gualà , Stefano Leucci , Guido Proietti

We present an $f$-fault tolerant distance oracle for an undirected weighted graph where each edge has an integral weight from $[1 \dots W]$. Given a set $F$ of $f$ edges, as well as a source node $s$ and a destination node $t$, our oracle…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Dipan Dey , Manoj Gupta

It is unlikely that the discrete Fr\'echet distance between two curves of length $n$ can be computed in strictly subquadratic time. We thus consider the setting where one of the curves, $P$, is known in advance. In particular, we wish to…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Boris Aronov , Tsuri Farhana , Matthew J. Katz , Indu Ramesh

We present a new distance oracle in the fully dynamic setting: given a weighted undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ with $n$ vertices undergoing both edge insertions and deletions, and an arbitrary parameter $\epsilon$ where $\epsilon\in[1/\log^{c}…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Bernhard Haeupler , Yaowei Long , Thatchaphol Saranurak

Thorup [FOCS'01, JACM'04] and Klein [SODA'01] independently showed that there exists a $(1+\epsilon)$-approximate distance oracle for planar graphs with $O(n (\log n)\epsilon^{-1})$ space and $O(\epsilon^{-1})$ query time. While the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Hung Le

Despite extensive research on distance oracles, there are still large gaps between the best constructions for spanners and distance oracles. Notably, there exist sparse spanners with a multiplicative stretch of $1+\varepsilon$ plus some…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Davide Bilò , Shiri Chechik , Keerti Choudhary , Sarel Cohen , Tobias Friedrich , Martin Schirneck

In the Distance Oracle problem, the goal is to preprocess $n$ vectors $x_1, x_2, \cdots, x_n$ in a $d$-dimensional metric space $(\mathbb{X}^d, \| \cdot \|_l)$ into a cheap data structure, so that given a query vector $q \in \mathbb{X}^d$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Yichuan Deng , Zhao Song , Omri Weinstein , Ruizhe Zhang

Given an $n$-vertex undirected graph $G=(V,E,w)$, and a parameter $k\geq1$, a path-reporting distance oracle (or PRDO) is a data structure of size $S(n,k)$, that given a query $(u,v)\in V^2$, returns an $f(k)$-approximate shortest $u-v$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Michael Elkin , Idan Shabat

An $f$-edge fault-tolerant distance sensitive oracle ($f$-DSO) with stretch $\sigma \ge 1$ is a data structure that preprocesses a given undirected, unweighted graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and a positive integer $f$. When…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Davide Bilò , Shiri Chechik , Keerti Choudhary , Sarel Cohen , Tobias Friedrich , Simon Krogmann , Martin Schirneck

We consider distance queries in vertex-labeled planar graphs. For any fixed $0 < \epsilon \leq 1/2$ we show how to preprocess a directed planar graph with vertex labels and arc lengths into a data structure that answers queries of the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Shay Mozes , Eyal E. Skop

Computing the diameter of a graph is a problem of great interest both in general algorithms research and specifically within fine-grained complexity, where it is a cornerstone hard problem. Recent work has achieved a full conditional lower…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yael Kirkpatrick , Liam Roditty , Richard Qi , Virginia Vassilevska Williams